The objective of this work was to evaluate the adaptability and multi-trait stability of wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes according to the phenotypic index of seed vigor (PIV). Thirty wheat genotypes were grown in seven environments in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during one crop season. In each environment, a randomized complete block design with three replicates was used. The PIV was elaborated from the following traits: first germination count, germination percentage, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. The evaluated phenotypic index makes it possible to define macroenvironments for the production of wheat seeds with high physiological potential and to understand the implications of the genotype x environment interaction. The phenotypic index of seed vigor is effective to rank genotypes considering multi-trait selection related to the vigor of wheat seeds produced in Southern Brazil.
RESUMO -A espécie Solanum americanum (maria-pretinha) é considerada planta daninha; por possuir elevada habilidade competitiva e agressividade, ela reduz a produtividade dos cultivos. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e objetivou analisar o crescimento e a partição de assimilados em plantas de maria-pretinha submetidas a três níveis de sombreamento. As plantas foram coletadas em intervalos regulares de sete dias após o transplante até o final do ciclo, sendo determinada a massa seca e a área foliar. A partir dos dados primários, foi aplicada a análise de crescimento, sendo calculados a massa seca total (W t ), as taxas de produção de matéria seca (C t ), crescimento relativo (R w ) e assimilatória líquída (E a ), o índice de área foliar (L), as razões de área foliar (F a ) e massa foliar (F w ), a área foliar específica (S a ), a partição de matéria seca entre órgãos e o número de frutos. Plantas de maria-pretinha cresceram e se desenvolveram melhor sob condição intermediária de luz (65%), em que atingiram maior W t , C t , L, F a, matéria seca de caule, matéria seca de fruto e maior número de frutos, enquanto a luz plena e a redução da luminosidade em nível acentuado, de maneira mais marcante, afetaram negativamente o crescimento e o desenvolvimento, o que possivelmente pode influenciar a habilidade competitiva da maria-pretinha.Palavras-chave: Solanum americanum, área foliar, matéria seca, taxas de crescimento.ABSTRACT -The species Solanum americanum (mary-nightshade) is considered a weed whose highly competitive ability and aggressiveness reduce crop productivity. This work was conducted under greenhouse conditions aiming to analyze the growth and partitioning of assimilates in marynightshade plants subjected to three levels of shading. The plants were collected at regular intervals of seven days after transplantation until the end of the cycle, with dry mass and leaf area being determined. Based on primary data , growth analysis was carried out to calculate total dry matter production (W t ), dry matter production rates (C t ), relative growth (R -w ), net assimilation (E a ), leaf area index (L), relative growth of leaf area and ratios of leaf area (F a ) and leaf mass (F w ), specific leaf area (S a ) and dry matter partitioning between organs. Mary-nightshade plants showed a better growth and development under intermediate light conditions (35% shade), reaching higher W t , C t , L, F a , stem dry matter, fruit dry matter and number of fruit. Full light and reduction of light at a more accentuated level had a negative effect on growth and development, a fact that may influence the competitive ability of these plants.
ABSTRACT. The wheat crop presents sensitivity to the environmental conditions culminating in the genotype x environment interaction, being crucial the use of different methodologies to guide the positioning of genotypes to certain cultivation environments. The objective of this study was to estimate the adaptability and phenotypic stability of wheat genotypes grown in the State of Rio Grande do Sul using univariate and multivariate techniques and mixed models. The yield data of 42 2 V.J. Szareski et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 16 (3): gmr16039735wheat genotypes evaluated in five environments (Cachoeira do Sul, Passo Fundo, Santo Augusto, São Gabriel, and São Luiz Gonzaga) were used in the 2012 and 2013 crop seasons. In each experiment, a randomized complete block design was used, with three replicates. In the evaluation of the genotype x environment interaction, the sum of squares relative to contribution index, the methodology based on the univariate method of Annicchiarico (1992), the multivariate method (AMMI), and the mixed models (REML and MHPRVG) were used. The favorable environments expressed by the univariate method referred to São Gabriel, Cachoeira do Sul, Passo Fundo, Santo Augusto, and São Luiz Gonzaga; for the multivariate method, only Santo Augusto was favorable to the productivity character. The genotypes CD 121 and TBIO Tibagi were adapted and stable for the univariate and multivariate methods. The genotypes TBIO Sinuelo, Quartzo, BRS 327, Mirante, Topázio, Guamirim, TBIO Seleto, Ametista, TBIO Mestre, and BRS Louro were superior through the mixed model approach. The different strategies to estimate the adaptability and phenotypic stability allowed indicating and recommending the best environments and genotypes efficiently to obtain increases in wheat grain yield.
RESUMO. O ohjetivo deste trahalho foi quantificar os índices de crescimento, a produçâo e a dbtrihuicáo de materia seca da cultura da ahohrinha italiana cultivada em suhstrato de casca de arroz in natura com soluçâo nutritiva recirculante, em duas épocas de cultivo: primavera-veráo de 2005 e veráo-outono de 2006, caracterizadas, respectivamente, como períodos de alta e haixa disponibilidades de radiaçâo solar. Cada tratamento correspondeu a uma época de amostragem, sendo a produçâo de materia seca quantificada aos O, 18, 32, 46 e 68 dias após o transplante (DAT) no cultivo de primavera-veräo, e aos 0,15, 29, 43 e 55 DAT no cultivo de veráo-outono. A produçâo de materia seca foi maior quando a disponihilidade de radiaçâo sohr foi mais elevada. Nessa situacáo (alta disponihilidade de radiaçâo solar), os frutos caracterizaram-se como os maiores drenos da cultura, nao ocorrendo o mesmo em condiçôes de haixa disponihilidade de radiaçâo solar. As taxas de crescimento (da cultura, dos frutos, dos órg^os vegetativos aéreos e relativa) tamhém foram mais elevadas quando a radiaçâo solar disponível foi mais elevada. A razáo de área foliar e a área foliar específica apresentaram dinámicas semelhantes à taxa de crescimento relativo, decrescendo com o decorrer do período de cultivo.Palavras-chave: Cucúrbita pepo L., produçâo de materia seca, hidroponia, área foliar, radiaçâo solar, análise de crescimento.ABSTRACT. Grovvth dynamic of summer squash in two crop seasons. The objective of this work was to quantify the growth rates, dry matter production and distrihution of summer squash grown in raw rice husk medium with recirculating nutrient solution, in two crop seasons: spring-summer 2005 and summer-autumn 2006, which are periods characterized hy high and low solar radiation availahility, respectively. Each treatment corresponded to a sampling date and dry matter production was evaluated at 18, 32, 46 and 68 days after setting (DAS) in springsummer, and 15,29, 43 and 55 DAS in the summer-autumn crop season. Dry matter production was highest in high sobr radiation availahility conditions. In those conditions, fmits were characterized as the largest drains of the crop, which did not happen in low sohr radiation availahility. The growth rates (crop, fruits, shoot organs and relative crop rates) also were higher in high solar radiation availahility conditions. Leaf area ratio and specific leaf area showed similar dynamics to the relative crop rate, decreasing according with the time-course of the crop.
RESUMOA profundidade de semeadura pode interferir na emergência das plântulas e no seu estabelecimento inicial. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência da profundidade de semeadura sobre a expressão do vigor de sementes e o desempenho inicial de plântulas de feijoeiro. Utilizaram-se sementes das cultivares IPR-Gralha e IPR-Tiziu e os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes profundidades de semeadura, 15; 30; 45 e 60 mm. Foram avaliados emergência, comprimento e matéria seca de raízes e parte aérea, área foliar, razão de parte aérea, raiz e área foliar. A emergência e a matéria seca das plântulas reduziram com a profundidade de semeadura. A razão de área foliar aumentou na cultivar IPR-Tiziu até a profundidade de 30 mm e na cultivar IPR-Gralha foi crescente com o aumento da profundidade de semeadura. O aumento na profundidade de semeadura reduz a expressão do vigor e o desempenho inicial de plântulas de feijoeiro.Palavras-chave: estande de plantas, performance de plântulas, Phaseolus vulgaris L., qualidade fisiológica Seed vigor and initial performance of bean seedlings under different sowing depths ABSTRACTThe sowing depth can influence the seedling emergence and its initial establishment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sowing depth on the expression of vigor and initial performance of bean seedlings. The cultivars used were IPRGralha and IPR-Tiziu and the treatments consisted of different sowing depths 15, 30, 45 and 60 mm. The parameters evaluated were emergence, seedling length (root and shoot), seedling dry weight (root and shoot), leaf area, shoot/root ratio and leaf area ratio. The emergence and seedling dry weight were reduced with the sowing depth. The leaf area ratio increased in the cultivar IPR-Tiziu until depth of 30 mm and in the cultivar IPR-Gralha increased with the depth of sowing. Increased sowing depth decreased the vigor expression and initial performance of bean seedlings.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.