The aim of this study was to compare the attacking performance profiles of the football teams playing in the national leagues of different rankings, defined on the basis of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) coefficient regarding club competitions. Applying the method of random sampling, one national league belonging to the first group – 4 participants in the Champions League and 3 teams participating in the Europa League (CL4+EL3; Germany), one belonging to the second group – CL3+EL3 (France), one belonging to the third group (CL2+EL3; Austria) and one from the fourth group – CL1+EL3 (Serbia) were selected. The analysis included all championship matches within the mentioned national competitions during the 2016/2017 season, which was a total of 1162 matches. The variables related to ball possession, passing game structure and efficacy and goal scoring attacks were monitored (19 variables in total). The results of this study have shown that there are significant differences in the organization of attacking games by the teams competing in the leagues of different rankings. It can be concluded that the players of the teams from the German and French leagues possess higher quality in technical and tactical sense, and are trained to play extremely fast, with a high degree of success in ball control.
Универзитет у Београду, Факултет спорта и физичког васпитања Сажетак Простор тактике у фудбалској игри је од посебног значаја за развој савременог фудбала. Анализом и унапре-ђењем просторно-временских показатеља, као и принципа игре, везаних за тактику, могу бити од пресудног значаја за постизање такмичарских резултата. Циљ истраживања је био да се, анализом такмичарске активно-сти, упореде тактичка испољавања тимова који се такмиче у најквалитетнијем европском клупском такмичењу, Лиги шампиона и најквалитетнијем фудбалском првенству Србије. Резултати спроведеног истраживања доби-јени су посматрањем укупно 20 насумично изабраних утакмица, по 10 из Лиге шампиона (ЛШ) и Супер лиге Србије (СЛС), што је довољан број утакмица за доношење закључака о појединачном такмичењу. У претходно оформљен протокол посматрања, методом нотације, анализирани су сви напади који су завршени ударцем на гол противника. Структура успешно изведених напада процењивана је на основу: прецизности, врсти реали-зованих нападачких акција, зоне започињања акције, начина реализације завршног додавања (асистенције) и удаљености од гола са које је упућен ударац на гол. Истраживање је показало да постоје одређене заједничке карактеристике, али и разлике у структури успешно изведених нападачких акција између два анализирана так-мичења. Екипе у ЛШ такмичењу имају значајно већи број ефикасних напада по утакмици (p = 0. 006), своје нападачке активности реализују са нешто већим бројем играча (p = 0.002) и бројем додавања (p = 0.000), док нема битних разлика у зони започињања успешних напада, начину реализације завршног додавања и дистанце са које се упућују ударци на гол. Резултати истраживања могу да дефинишу одређене смернице у тренажној технологији приликом припрема екипа СЛС такмичења за наступе у европским куповима. Кључне речи: ФУДБАЛ / ТАКТИКА / ТАКМИЧАРСКА АКТИВНОСТ / УСПЕШНИ НАПАДИ УВОДПостизање врхунских резултата у фудбалу подразумева добру припрему играча, и то: тех-ничку, тактичку, кондициону, психолошку, ва-спитну и теоријску. Ове компоненте припреме, упркос њиховој закономерности и специфич-ности, неодвојиво чине свеукупну, интегралну припрему фудбалера. Фудбалска игра је током свог развоја пролазила кроз различите периоде са наглашеним значајем појединог облика припре-ме. Савремени фудбал подразумева висок ниво припремљености фудбалера у свим аспектима, а посебно у погледу тактичких вештина играча. У свом развоју фудбалска игра се у много чему про- Физич. Култ. (Беогр.) 2016; 70 (1): 80-87 ФИЗИЧКА КУЛТУРА менила, пре свега кроз изражено повећање интен-зитета игре, повећање физиолошких захтева. Ак-тивно време трајања игре се смањује, а повећева се интезитет, док се продужују интервали током којих лопта није у игри. Осим тога, у односу на Светско првенство 1966. године, брзина кретања лопте се повећала за 15%, фреквенција додавања за 35% , уз све веће груписање играча на простору на коме се игра (Wallace, & Norton, 2013). Анализирање такмичарске активности је вео-ма важно и неопходно за одређивање праваца ра-звоја фудбалске игре, односно,...
Reliability and sensitivity of reaction time (RT) during quasi-realistic soccer situations was explored in 10 professional soccer players (skilled; age = 20.9 ± 3.6 years) and 10 males without soccer experience (nonskilled; age = 23.4 ± 0.5 years). The participants were instructed to react as fast as possible to a stimulus presented via the video-based method while standing on force platforms. RT was computed as the difference between the instant when the rate of force development of any leg reaches 5% of its maximal value and the instant of stimulus presentation. The results revealed acceptable to high reliability of RT (intraclass correlation coefficient median = .90; coefficient of variation ≤ 5.83%), and shorter RT for skilled compared with nonskilled participants in three out of eight comparisons (effect size range = 1.00–1.41). The video-based methods can be confidently used to assess the RT in soccer players.
The main aim of this study was to define the quantitative neuromuscular characteristics of the Biceps Femoris muscle (BF) as the knee joint flexor, i.e. the major synergist of the caudal body in all specific movement tasks of a football player, measured by the tensiomyography (TMG) method. The secondary aim of the study was to compare all TMG-BF characteristics in relation to bilateral dimorphism, as well as to compare dominant and non-dominant legs. The research was conducted on a sample which included 54 professional players aged 23.0 ± 4.4 years; body height: 182.6 ± 15.1 cm; body mass: 81.2 ± 15.1 kg; BMI: 23.3 ± 1.2 kg/cm 2 . TMG variables were measured on the muscles during a transition training phase (mid-season and end of the season). The results have shown that the average respectively. The results have indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the examined TMG variables of the dominant and non-dominant leg (Wilks' lambda Value = 0.979, F=0.300, p=0.952, Part. Ƞ 2 = 0.021). It may be stated that there are no differences in the manifestation of neuromuscular characteristics in healthy elite football players regardless of their dominant leg. A high level of preparedness in football in addition to a completely healthy status of the body and locomotor system result in a complete neuromuscular contractile symmetry BF of both legs.
The aim of this research is to present the essential parameters related to the highest quality football teams attack tactics to the scientific and professional public by analyzing the longterm competitive manifestations in the Champions League elite football competition. The analysis comprises all the matches that have been played since the 2014/15 season ending up with the 2018/19 season, which means 625 played matches in total. In order to clearly present the top teams criteria related to the attack tactics, in this research, variables describing the ball possession and the attacks after which the goals were scored were observed. The results showed that the teams spent most of their time gaining the ball possession in the maneuvering third of the field (51%) and that the organization of the attack was dominated by the passes in the middle distances (10 - 30m). Apart from that, it was noticed that every tenth shot towardsthe goalrepresents an effective attack and that most of the goals are scored in the last 15 minutes of the game (p=0.008). When it comes to the structure of the effective attacks, the results showed that 76% of the goals are scored after the ball possession, while 1/4 of the effective actions ocurred after the organized set pieces attack. Additionaly, no significant differences regarding the prevalence of the activities that preceded the scoring of the goals from the game (p=0.16) and after the set pieces (p=0.88) by seasons were found. However, the final shots from the game were usually preceded by a pass from the side in the form of a cross shot and a return ball (p=0.000), and when it comes to organizing the offensive set pieces (p=0.000), the goals were most often scored after corners and penalties. The results obtained in thisresearch provide objective information that can be used for planning and organizing training units in the preparation of teams for competitive performances.
The aim of this study is to find out characteristics of tactics of attack of teams which play in the finals of the Champions Leagule by analyzing competition activities and also to use comparative analysis for the same competition in two competition seasons and point to the potential tendencies in tactical preparation of teams for the very end of the competition. The analysis involved quarter-finals, semi-finals and finals in seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017, i.e. 13 matches in each season. The tactical action was analyzed by monitoring variables that describe the ways of beginning, realization and completion of successful attacks, but also the overall characteristics of play when a team was in ball possession (scope, success and speed of passing the ball). Results of this study showed that that there are no significant differences in tactical demonstration of teams that play the final round of the competition in two competition seasons. The application of continuous attacks is dominant, beginning by cutting a pass and winning "the second ball" on the opponent's half, while the final pass is in most cases the centre and back lateral passing. However, significand difference was discovered only in efficiency during the passing game, which was significantly greater in the 2016/2017 season (p=0.013) and partially in the longer ball possession also in the 2016/2017 season. The kind of analysis in the field of foodball tactics is valuable because it provides a possibility to define the criteria for achieving results on the highest level, but to predict potential tendencies in developing offensive foodball tactics.
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