Kondisi pandemi COVID-19 menuntut adaptasi di berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk di bidang pendidikan. Guru diharapkan melakukan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, guru mengalami permasalahan dalam perencanaan pembelajaran, kolaborasi bersama orang tua, dan ketidakpuasan dalam aktivitas belajar secara daring. Adaptasi pembelajaran dan situasi pandemi dapat berdampak pada kesehatan mental guru sehingga tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesehatan mental guru selama mengajar daring. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode survei. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 330 guru sekolah dasar di bawah naungan suatu yayasan di Yogyakarta. Kesehatan mental guru diukur menggunakan Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) versi bahasa Indonesia dengan reliabilitas sebesar .888. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek negatif yang terdiri dari cemas, depresi, dan hilang kontrol memiliki nilai signifikansi p > .05. Aspek positif, yaitu emosi, cinta, dan puas, juga ditemukan memperoleh nilai signifikansi p >.05. Data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa guru sekolah dasar (SD) memiliki kondisi kesehatan mental yang sama secara signifikan. Kondisi kesehatan mental berdasarkan lamanya pengalaman mengajar ataupun jenis kelamin tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan (p > .005), baik keseluruhan kondisi kesehatan mental maupun setiap aspek kesehatan mental. Guru yang memiliki kesehatan mental yang baik mempunyai implikasi pada keterampilan regulasi emosi guru yang baik pula. Hal ini mendukung para guru meninjau kembali proses kognitif yang dimiliki untuk mengatur emosi dalam mendampingi peserta didik dan mengelola pembelajaran dengan baik selama mengajar daring. Perilaku yang ditampilkan oleh guru dapat menjadi model bagi peserta didik untuk dapat mengelola perilaku sesuai dengan kondisi yang dihadapi, terutama perilaku prososial.
This research is motivated by the existence of various literacy problems in kindergarten and elementary school. The purpose of this research is to find out the challenges faced by teachers in teaching literacy to children and the teacher's strategy in teaching literacy to children with special needs. This research is qualitative research in which the data is collected through open-ended questionnaires and interviews and analyzed descriptively. Result:1) Not all teachers accompanying children with special needs have adequate knowledge in teaching basic literacy skills; teachers find it difficult to find appropriate learning programs and media to assist children with different abilities,2) Strategies to teach basic literacy: implementing adaptive learning programs, providing supporting facilities; using differentiated learning; teaching pre-academic abilities; learning with nature and all the senses in the teachable moment. Early childhood education is the formation period for preparing children to study in elementary school. Therefore, a collaboration between kindergarten and elementary teachers in teaching literacy is required
Students’ knowledge and attitudes towards individuals with special needs contribute to the realization of inclusion. This study aims to describe the graduate students’ knowledge and attitudes towards graduate students with special needs. The number of participants in this study was 130 (37.14% response rate) with an age range of 18-28 years. Correlation analysis, t-test analysis, and ANOVA was conducted to determine the relationship between student knowledge and their attitudes, and comparison of the demographic data. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards inclusion but the correlation between knowledge and attitudes towards inclusion tended to be weak. The low correlation coefficient between knowledge and attitudes indicates that knowledge about disabilities is not the main factor determining student attitudes towards inclusion. The experience of interacting with individuals with special needs did not significantly contribute to knowledge and attitudes towards inclusion. The reported interactions with individuals with special needs are in the form of very close and close relationships such as relation with family members, close enough relationships such as relation with colleagues or staff, and acquaintances such as relation with neighbors.
Inclusive learning in elementary schools is increasingly being promoted by the government. Each school is expected to be able to meet the needs of students with special needs who are studying. However, the realization of inclusive schools can also be influenced by the teacher's perspective on children with special needs. So far, teachers have only followed directions from schools and schools have followed directions from the Government. It is really necessary to know how teachers actually perceive children with special needs which in the end also has an impact on their perspective on the inclusion system in schools. So this research was conducted to determine the teacher's perception. This study uses a survey method. The target respondents of this research are teachers in elementary schools who are partners with PGSD USD. Respondents were selected through a purposive sampling technique with the sample criteria being elementary school teachers who partnered with PGSD USD. The research instrument was a questionnaire with closed questions. The instrument is designed for pre-service teachers so that the instrument will go through a modification process.
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