Periodontitis refers to the inflammation of gums and the surrounding structures and caused by a bacterial infection. The infection occurs owing to poor oral hygiene and could destroy the bone and the gum over time if left untreated. The present study identified the involvement of a key long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), i.e. FGD5-AS1, in the pathogenesis of periodontitis by assessing its expression in the gingival tissues of patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis (CP). Overexpression of FGD5-AS1 in primary human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) significantly reduced the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)induced periodontitis, whereas its suppression aggravated this injury. Moreover, the miR-142-3p was markedly expressed in the gingival samples of patients diagnosed with CP and LPS-induced PDLCs. We found that the FGD5-AS1-mediated reduction in the inflammation was mediated through downside regulation of miR-142-3p, as evident from the upregulation of SOCS6, a target gene of miR-142-3p. Furthermore, the association between FGD5-AS1 and NF-jB pathway was detected. FGD5-AS1 was found to protect against LPS-stimulated PDLC injury through restraining the NF-jB signals. Based on these findings, we conclude that up-regulation of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 could protect against periodontitis via regulating the miR-142-3p/SOCS6/NF-jB signals. Therefore, the FGD5-AS1/miR-142-3p/SOCS6 axis may act as an important indicator in explaining the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
The use of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMScs) as a tissue engineering application for individuals affected by osteoporosis and other types of bone loss diseases has been well studied in recent years. The osteogenic differentiation of hBMScs can be regulated by a number of cues. Micrornas (mirnas/mirs) serve as the key regulators of various biological processes; however, to the best of our knowledge, no information exists with regards to the specific modulatory effects of mir-10a-5p on osteogenic differentiation of hBMScs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between hBMScs and mir-10a-5p and, ultimately, to determine how mir-10a-5p affects the osteogenic differentiation process of hBMScs in vitro and in vivo. The hBMScs used in the present study were transfected with mirVana™ mirna inhibitors and mimics, and transfection efficiency was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and reverse transcription-quantitative Pcr (rT-qPcr). Viability of hBMScs following transfection was analyzed using a cell counting Kit-8 assay. The mrna expression levels of specific osteoblast markers, including alkaline phosphatase (alP) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (runX2) were measured using rT-qPcr and western blot analysis. new bone formation was evaluated by Goldner's trichrome staining and micro-cT analysis in vivo. No significant difference in cell viability was observed among the different groups 24 h post-transfection. overexpression of mir-10a-5p inhibited the expression of osteoblast makers in hBMScs, whereas inhibition of mir-10a-5p upregulated the expression of alP and runX2 in vitro. Furthermore, mir-10a-5p acted as a suppressor during the process of new bone formation in vivo. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that mir-10a-5p served as a negative regulatory factor during osteoblast differentiation of hBMScs and may be utilized in a treatment approach for bone repair in osteogenic-related diseases.
BACKGROUND: Collagen receptors are characterized by binding to and being activated by collagens. We know little about the molecular mechanism by which the integrins and discoidin domains (DDRs) recognize collagen. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of two main collagen receptor subfamilies, integrins and DDRs, during osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenehymal stem cells (hMSCs). METHODS: Using qRT-PCR, Western blots and FACS, the levels of DDR1, DDR2, integrin subunits β1, α1, α2, α10 and α11 receptors on hMSCs, were assessed upon activation by collagen type I, as well as during osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. RESULTS: The expression of DDR2 and integrin α11β1 was altered compared with other receptors when the cells were cultured under undifferentiated conditions. During osteogenic and chondrogenetic differentiation, DDR2 and α11 were up-regulated during early stages (6 day) of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, respectively. The expression and activation of DDR2 was concomitant with another receptor integrin subunit β1 during osteogenetic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that DDR2 was more specific for osteogenesis than chondrogenesis, while integrin α11β1 was more specific in chondrogenesis. DDR2 and α11 may play a role in the regulation of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis based on the differential expression of these receptors during lineage-dependent changes.
Early angiogenesis is one of the key challenges in tissue regeneration. Crosslinking mode and fiber diameter are critical factors to affect the adhesion and proliferation of cells. However, whether and how these two factors affect early angiogenesis remain largely unknown. To address the issue, the optimal crosslinking mode and fiber diameter of gelatin fiber membrane for early angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro were explored in this work. Compared with the post crosslinked gelatin fiber membrane with the same fiber diameter, the 700 nm diameter in situ crosslinked gelatin fiber membrane was found to have smaller roughness (230.67 ± 19 nm) and stronger hydrophilicity (54.77° ± 1.2°), which were suitable for cell growth and adhesion. Moreover, the in situ crosslinked gelatin fiber membrane with a fiber diameter of 1000 nm had significant advantages in early angiogenesis over the two with fiber diameters of 500 and 700 nm by up-regulating the expression of Ang1, VEGF, and integrin-β1. Our findings indicated that the in situ crosslinked gelatin fiber membrane with a diameter of 1000 nm might solve the problem of insufficient blood supply in the early stage of soft tissue regeneration and has broad clinical application prospects in promoting tissue regeneration.
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