Magnesium is an ideal candidate for biodegradable implants, but the major concern is its uncontrollable degradation for application as a biomaterial. The in vitro corrosion and cytotoxicity of Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 (magnesium nanocomposites) were studied to determine its suitability as a biodegradable material. The polycrystalline nature of Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 was assessed using an optical microscope. The hydrophobic nature of Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 was determined by contact angle measurements. The corrosion resistance of magnesium nanocomposites was tested in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and it was improved by the gradual deposition of a protective layer on its surface after 48 h. The cytotoxicity of Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and calcium deposition by Alizarin red staining using sarcoma osteogenic (Saos2) cells. The haemocompatibility test of Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 showed 30% haemolysis, which is higher than the safe value for biomaterials, and cell viability was reduced after 24 h in comparison with control groups. The calcium deposition by sarcoma osteogenic cells showed a brick red colour deposition in both the control group and Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 after 24 h. The preliminary degradation results of Mg-0.4Ce/ZnO 2 showed good corrosion resistance; however further improvement is needed in haemolysis and cytotoxicity studies for its use as a biodegradable material for orthopaedic applications. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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