Possibility of toothed gearing use as a constructional element of mechanisms for grain and other agricultural production processing is considered. Conditions of theoretical and practical application of cogwheels with new elements are proposed. Dependences for calculation of main geometrical and power parameters of gearing are given.
Currently, in the manufacture of agricultural products in the process of feed preparation, closed-type grain crushers are widely used, working on the principle of suction of the starting material and injection of the finished product. This type of crushers undergoes significant abrasive wear of working bodies (drums, hammers, sieves, etc.) due to their suboptimal geometric shape of the transition surface, where local stresses accumulate, as well as in the areas of contact of parts with particles of gas-dispersed material. It is possible to investigate the causes of the rapid destruction of the working bodies of the crusher by theoretical methods and modeling of physical processes, which will increase the speed, economic efficiency, reliability in the design of components and mechanisms, as well as optimize the design of the upgraded paddle wheel. The paper presents a theoretical model of the stress state on the working surface of the blade, the adequacy of which is confirmed by experimental data with a correlation coefficient of more than 0.95. Studies have allowed optimizing the position of the blade, at which it must be positioned at an angle of 10 ° to the axis of the wheel of the crusher drum, while the contact stresses on the wear surface are distributed almost evenly. This design change will lead to uniform wear of the blade and, as a result, to an increase in durability and reliability of the crusher.
Now in agricultural production there are significant changes in the fleet of equipment due to the renewal of the material and technical base with improved parameters for quality, reliability, durability and operability in difficult operating conditions. However, the manufacturing industry still has a large number of outdated equipment that requires modernization through optimal design of machine components and parts. So, in the process of feed preparation, closed-type grain crushers are widely used, working on the principle of suction of the source material and injection of the finished product. This type of crushers undergoes significant abrasive wear of working bodies (drums, hammers, sieves, etc.) due to their suboptimal geometric shape of transition surfaces, where local stresses accumulate, as well as in areas of contact of parts with particles of gas-dispersed material. The blades of the drum wheel are subjected to particularly severe wear, for the restoration of which significant material costs are required during major repairs. The paper presents theoretical studies of contact stresses during wear of working surfaces, a criterion and condition for the optimal position of the blade are proposed. The optimal position of the blade has been determined - it must be positioned at an angle of 10 ° to the axis of the drum wheel. The results of field tests of the upgraded crusher allow us to conclude that the reliability indicators (durability of the blade drum and reliability of the crusher) increase by more than 3 times.
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