Background: According to modern concepts of burn disease development, one of the main burn complications is inflammation occurrence. Despite the large number of drugs used to treat the effects of chemical burns of the esophagus, we find conflicting information in the literature about their effectiveness. Moreover the problem of burn wound healing process quickening, as well as the prevention measures against possible post burn complications are really relevant if we aim to subjective portability of rehabilitation period facilitation. Methods: Study the immune system cytokine levels in immature rat blood serum under the simulation of 1 and 2 degree esophageal chemical burns in case of melanin administration as a drug. Was estimated ELISA using sets of reagents and instructions from Biotrack ELISA System company «Healthcare». Results: The significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PC) was shown mostly on day 7 of the experiment, which reflects the activity and severity of the disease process. In terms of further research the level of pro-inflammatory PC can be multidirectional. The significant decrease of anti-inflammatory cytokines amount was found under conditions of AEB at 15th and 21st days. At 1st and 2nd degree ABE the observed changes were multidirectional. Melanin administration resulted in the fast decrease of blood levels of all cytokines in our experiment to the values close to normal in conditions of esophagus chemical burn progress. Conclusion: Therefore, it was shown that some factors have the ability of changing the levels of pro inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the models 1st and 2nd degree ABE and AEB in immature rats. The obtained data showed, that 1st degree ABE progressed without septic complications. In the models of 2nd degree ABE and AEB, the risk of poly organic failure remains. Melanin administration resulted in the fast decrease of blood levels of all cytokines in our experiment to the values close to normal in conditions of esophagus chemical burn progress.

The novel modifications of substrate-containing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that can be used for the detection of proteases and its activators are reported. The protease/activator samples were separated on a protein substrate-SDS-polyacrylamide gel. To detect plasminogen activators fibrinogen and Glu-plasminogen were incorporated into the SDS-PAG followed by 1 h incubation at 37?C in thrombin solution (1 NIH/ml). After electrophoresis the gel was stained according to the standard protocol. To detect fibrin-unspecific plasminogen activators from snake venom incubation in thrombin solution was substituted for 12 h incubation in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4). To detect fibrinogen-degrading enzymes fibrinogen-containing gel was used. Activity of protease/activator was visualized in the gel as clear bands against the dark background. These new techniques offer several advantages including determination of the quantity and activity of t-PA and urokinase, however cannot be recommended for precise quantification of activators; the total procedure is quite quick and simple; method is convenient tool for detection of novel protein-protein interactions in haemostasis system; the sensitivity of the method is ≤0.01 IU per track

Determination of the Cckbr, Gast, Reg1α and Tgfb1 genes expression in rat pancreas upon long-term hypoacidity and with administration of multiprobiotic «Symbiter ® acidophilic» concentrated. Methods. Experiments were carried out on white non-strain mail rats. Hypoacidic state was modeled through intraperitoneal injection of omeprazole during 28 days. Level of genes expression was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results. The elevation of levels of Cckbr, Reg1α and Tgfb1 mRNAs, as well as the appearance of Gast gene expression in rat pancreas upon hypoacidic conditions were shown. The levels of Cckbr and Tgfb1 mRNAs with administration of multiprobiotic «Symbiter ® acidophilic» concentrated under the same conditions were similar to the control, while the expression of Gast gene was not detected; at the same time, the level of Reg1α mRNA was higher than that in animals with hypoacidity. Conclusions. Long-term hypoacidity is accompanied by changes in the expression of Cckbr, Gast, Reg1α and Tgfb1 genes in rat pancreas, while upon administration of multiprobiotic «Symbi-ter® acidophilic» concentrated the pattern of expression for most of the studied genes is similar to the control.

The accumulated data indicate that a high level of homocysteine may be a central pathogenetic factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on protein homeostasis in the rat lungs. The level of proteins, peptides, total proteolytic activity, as well as protein-peptide composition, were evaluated. Hyperhomocysteinemia was induced by daily intragastric administration of DL-homocysteine thiolactone (100 mg·kg-1 of body weight) to albino non-linear male rats for 28 days. Twelve hours after the last administration, the rats were sacrificed and the lungs were harvested. Our findings showed that hyperhomocysteinemia caused the disturbances in the protein homeostasis in the lungs that are manifested by a decrease in the level of proteins in the young and old animals and an increase in the level of peptides in the rats of all studied groups. We found a change in the protein composition in the lung of HM rats - a decrease in the level of proteins with a molecular weight of 50 kDa to 100 kDa simultaneously with an increase in the level of proteins with a molecular weight of less than 50 kDa. Despite the fact that the peptide profile was the same in both control animals and HM animals, the level of individual peptide fractions increased significantly in the rats with HM. Obtained data could contribute to explain, at least in part, the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of lung damage in hyperhomocysteinemia.

Background and Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the foremost cause of adult disability and mortality. There is an urgent need to focus on the research of new approaches for the prevention and treatment of CAD. Materials and Methods: The effects of peptides isolated from the blood plasma of CAD patients on endothelial cell secretion using the in vitro model have been tested. Human endothelial progenitor cells (HEPCs) were incubated for 24 h with peptides isolated from the plasma of healthy subjects or patients with stable angina, progressive unstable angina, and myocardial infarction. The contents of some soluble anticoagulant as well as procoagulant mediators in HEPC culture treated with peptide pools were then compared. Results and Conclusion: The results show that peptides from the plasma of patients with myocardial infarction promote endothelial cells to release both von Willebrand factor and endothelin-1, increasing vasoconstriction and shifting hemostatic balance toward a prothrombotic state. In contrast, peptides from the plasma of patients with progressive unstable angina suppress the secretion of endothelin-1 by HEPCs, while the secretion of both von Willebrand factor and tissue plasminogen activator was increased. As can be seen from the results obtained, disease derived peptides may contribute to the homeostasis of living organisms or the progression of pathological processes.