Fruits and berries increase the antioxidant activity of beer. Elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) contain biologically active compounds with high antioxidant capacity. The research objective was to develop a new kind of beer with elderberries introduced at different stages of the technological process, as well as to study the antioxidant activity of this functional drink. The pH was determined with a pH meter, the carbohydrate content and color – with a spectrophotometer, the optical density – with a spectrophotometer, the total polyphenol content – by the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, the antioxidant activity – by the DPPH radical scavenging method, and the absorption – with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at λ = 517 nm. Elderberries added in the amount of 62.5 and 125 g/dm3 increased the degree of fermentation. According to the European Brewing Convention, the optimal beer color is 22.29 units. To achieve this standard, elderberries had to be added 15 min after the start of boiling the wort. When elderberries were added to the cooled wort, its color decreased by 6.97 units. The concentration of elderberries appeared to have a positive correlation with the antioxidant activity of the finished product: more elderberries meant more polyphenols. The pH did not change during the brewing process and remained within the standard limit of 4.25–4.81. When the concentration of elderberries was 1.25 g/dm3, the antioxidant activity increased by 13.4 times, at 125 g/dm3 – by 22 times. The beer reached its maximal antioxidant activity when elderberries were added to uncooled wort after boiling; it decreased by 16.1% when elderberries were added after cooling the wort. The content of polyphenols in elderberry beer depended on the concentration of elderberries, while the color and antioxidant capacity – on the amount of elderberries and the stage of the technological process. Unfiltered and unpasteurized elderberries maximized the antioxidant activity and nutritional value of the finished product. The new beer sort will allow microbreweries to expand their product range and attract new consumers.

A steady trend towards a healthy lifestyle contributes to a significant increase in consumer demand for natural food products for functional and preventive purposes. Such products have a balanced chemical composition, provide a balanced diet, promote health, improve physical and mental performance, increase the body's resistance to adverse environmental influences. In order to meet the needs of the consumer, the food industry develops new food products and makes changes to the recipes of traditional products. Over the past decades, many natural sources of raw materials have been explored that can significantly increase the nutritional value of food products and fully replace synthetic food additives. Numerous studies confirm that black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) has high antioxidant activity and is a good source of many important biologically active compounds. Therefore, in many countries, elderberry is used in the food industry as a raw material and food additive. The high content of anthocyanins, as well as other polyphenols and vitamins in elderberry, confirms that it can be used not only as a dye, but also as an antioxidant. Due to the presence of bioactive compounds in elderberry, its use in food production as a raw material component will allow obtaining functional products with a high antioxidant capacity. However, it is necessary to study and correctly use the required amount of elderberry additive and the technology of adding elderberries to food in order to ensure a positive effect on the nutritional and technological properties of the finished food product, without worsening the organoleptic characteristics of food products. The purpose of this article is to review the main biologically active compounds present in elderberry, as well as its potential use in the food industry.

IntroductionPlant-based yogurt has earned much interest in current times due to the rising demand for milk substitutes, which is tied to ethical and health needs.MethodsFreeze-drying impact on soybean peel powder (SPP) and mung bean peel powder (MPP) and their use in creating functional yogurt at various concentrations was checked. In functional yogurt, total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity and chemical profile are checked.ResultsThe maximum concentration of TPC was 4.65±0.05 (mg GAE/g), TFC was 1.74±0.05 (CE mg/g) and 82.99 ± 0.02 % antioxidant activity was calculated in sample T6, having the highest concentration of SPP, which was substantially more significant than the treatment samples containing MPP. Sensory attributes of the yogurt samples were analyzed, which indicated a decrease when SPP and MPP values increased when introduced at 3 or 6 % of an optimum level. There was no notable loss of the sensory profile compared to the control group. The results were found to be significant at p < 0.05. The freeze-dried SPP had the complete chemical composition compared to MPP except for ash and fiber content.DiscussionThe physicochemical profile of the treatments of functional yogurt had a linear proportional connection in the percentage of both powders in the meantime. When both the dry level of powders increased, the protein and fat levels decreased. In the food industry, the freeze-dried soybean peel and the peel of mung bean can be utilized in functional yogurt as a source of bioactive components.

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Herbal raw materials are a unique source of biologically active substances that are of particular value in the treatment of various diseases. Sea buckthorn is one of the most famous and widespread medicinal plants, widely grown in the United States, Europe, Asia, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. Information on the phytochemical composition of fruits is quite fully covered in the scientific literature. Sea buckthorn fruits are rich in essential nutrients and biologically active substances, but remain less in demand. Thus, it is important to study and implement new ways of processing sea buckthorn fruits that can contribute to the development of new functional foods and attract the attention of consumers to these products. This review summarizes studies on the development of food products using sea buckthorn fruits and lactic acid bacterial cultures. Particular attention is paid to the process of malolactic fermentation and its influence on the content and profile of organic acids and polyphenols in the juice of sea buckthorn fruits, it is shown what changes in antioxidant properties and organoleptic characteristics occur. The role of sea buckthorn fruits and their components in the development of new probiotic dairy and non-dairy products is considered.