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Three Rottweilers with marked peripheral eosinophilia and infiltration of the liver, spleen, lungs, and bone marrow with eosinophils were diagnosed with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES). Mean serum immunoglobulin E concentrations were markedly high. On cytogenetic analysis, no evidence of karyotypic abnormalities was found in bone marrow aspirates. Despite an extensive search, no underlying cause for the eosinophilia could be identified. In this study, cytogenetic analysis and measurement of serum IgE concentrations were used to differentiate IHES and eosinophilic leukemia.Key words: Cytogenetic analysis; Dogs; Eosinophilic gastroenteritis; Eosinophilic leukemia; Immunoglobulin E; SplendoreHoeppli phenomenon. P eripheral eosinophilia and multiple organ infiltration with eosinophils, without evidence of underlying parasitic, neoplastic, vascular, or allergic disease, have been described frequently in humans and cats, but reports in dogs are rare. In humans, idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) is defined by sustained (Ͼ6 months) peripheral eosinophilia of Ͼ1,500 cells/L with no apparent etiology and multiple organ involvement. 1 The difference between IHES and eosinophilic leukemia (EL) is controversial, and although molecular techniques may help distinguish these 2 disorders in humans, in some cases differentiation may not be possible.This report describes 3 cases of canine IHES with widely differing clinical presentations. All dogs were Rottweilers, and each had large numbers of eosinophils in blood, liver, spleen, and bone marrow aspirates. Pulmonary involvement was present in 2 dogs and was suspected in the other. Karyotype analysis and measurement of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations supported the diagnosis. Case Reports Dog 1A 3-year-old female Rottweiler was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH; University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN) with a 1-month history of vomiting, severe bloody diarrhea, and weight loss. Physical examination disclosed lethargy, cachexia, mucosal pallor, and abdominal enlargement; moderate ascites was detected by abdominal palpation.A CBC disclosed moderate neutrophilia with a left shift, and marked mature eosinophilia ( Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108; e-mail: sykes005@tc.umn.edu. Submitted June 27, 2000; Revised August 9, 2000; Accepted September 22, 2000. Copyright ᭧ . Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) disclosed decreased albumin (1.3 g/dL, RR 1.7-2.9 g/dL) and ␣-2-macroglobulin (0.38 g/dL, RR 0.41-1.11 g/dL) fractions, but ␥-globulin concentration was within the RR. Mean serum IgE concentration was 658 g/mL (RR Ͻ 50 g/mL). Peritoneal fluid was a serosanguineous, inflammatory exudate, with a total protein concentration of 3.4 g/dL, 31,000 red blood cells (RBC)/L, and 10,000 mature eosinophils/L. No other nucleated cells were present. Fecal flotation and heartworm antigen test results were negative, and results of the urinalysis were unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasound showed diffuse variation in hepatic and splenic echo...

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The XY sex-reversal syndrome occurs when a phenotypic mare is born that has the karyotype of a stallion. The syndrome is manifested by both genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The sex-reversed genetic condition occurs frequently within certain pedigrees where XY females have been found and can be readily detected by chromosome karyotyping. The phenotypic spectrum ranges from the feminine mare with a reproductive tract that is within normal limits to the greatly masculinized mare. Pedigree analysis suggests that there are two modes of inheritance: (1) an X-linked recessive or autosomal sex-limited dominant transmitted through the female and (2) an autosomal sex-limited dominant or a Y chromosomal mutation with variable expression transmitted through the male.

Three Rottweilers with marked peripheral eosinophilia and infiltration of the liver, spleen, lungs, and bone marrow with eosinophils were diagnosed with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES). Mean serum immunoglobulin E concentrations were markedly high. On cytogenetic analysis, no evidence of karyotypic abnormalities was found in bone marrow aspirates. Despite an extensive search, no underlying cause for the eosinophilia could be identified. In this study, cytogenetic analysis and measurement of serum IgE concentrations were used to differentiate IHES and eosinophilic leukemia.