Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in 3 Rottweilers

Sykes, Jane E.; Weiss, Douglas J.; Buoen, L. C.; Blauvelt, Melissa; Hayden, D. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2001.tb01251.x

Cited by 35 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…7 In the past 2 decades, there have been several reports of an idiopathic form of eosinophilic meningitis that has been shown to affect dogs, cats, and cattle. [1][2][3]6,[8][9][10] In these cases, no infectious etiology has been identified; however, Rottweiler and Golden Retriever dogs appear to be overrepresented, indicating a possible breed predisposition. Dogs with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis often have signs consistent with both brain and spinal cord disease; however, no report has histologically documented the spinal cord changes.…”

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“…11 In addition, free radicals produced by various enzyme pathways can lead to further cellular injury. 9 One could therefore conclude that with large numbers of eosinophils in the CNS, the prognosis for recovery would be decreased, even following appropriate therapy. However, there is not a clear association between eosinophil number and disease severity, likely because of the small number of cases available for study.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the veterinary literature, the response to treatment with corticosteroids is quite variable. 1,4,9 In a recent retrospective report, the majority of dogs (8/12) diagnosed with idiopathic eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and treated with corticosteroids had resolution of clinical signs. 12 More cases will need to be followed before an accurate prognosis for this disease can be determined.…”

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Idiopathic Eosinophilic Meningoencephalomyelitis in a Rottweiler Dog

et al. 2010

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Abstract. A 6-month-old, female, intact Rottweiler dog was presented to the Iowa State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for a progressive history of abnormal behavior and generalized ataxia. At necropsy, there was eosinophilic infiltration of the brain and spinal cord, most severe in the medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord. Infiltrates of eosinophils were also present in the liver and small intestines. The dog was diagnosed with idiopathic eosinophilic meningoencephalomyelitis based on cerebrospinal fluid analysis, histopathology, and special stains to exclude etiologic agents.Key words: Eosinophil; meningitis; meningoencephalomyelitis; Rottweilers.Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis is a rare condition in veterinary medicine; the etiology in the majority of canine cases is often undetermined. Protozoan and nematode parasites can occasionally cause eosinophilic encephalitis in dogs.5 In humans, the most common cause of eosinophilic meningitis is a result of infection with a rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis). This infection is usually nonfatal and occurs after ingesting third-stage larvae of the lungworm in contaminated produce or inadequately cooked snails. 7 In the past 2 decades, there have been several reports of an idiopathic form of eosinophilic meningitis that has been shown to affect dogs, cats, and cattle. [1][2][3]6,[8][9][10] In these cases, no infectious etiology has been identified; however, Rottweiler and Golden Retriever dogs appear to be overrepresented, indicating a possible breed predisposition. Dogs with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis often have signs consistent with both brain and spinal cord disease; however, no report has histologically documented the spinal cord changes. In the current report, a young Rottweiler dog with an acute onset of a severe and fatal eosinophilic meningoencephalomyelitis is described.A 6-month-old, 20 kg, female, intact Rottweiler presented to the referring veterinarian with a 6-day history of mild ataxia, lethargy, and decreased appetite. Blood work was performed, including complete blood cell count (CBC) and biochemical profile. The following abnormalities were noted: hypercholesterolemia (328 mg/dl, reference interval: 125-260 mg/dl) and moderate eosinophilia (4,200/ml, reference interval: 0-600/ml). A urinalysis was also performed, which revealed the presence of white blood cells, red blood cells, and bacteria in the sediment. The dog was given clindamycin (300 mg orally, every 12 hr), kept for a few hours for observation, and then sent home. The following day, the dog presented to Iowa State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (ISU-VTH, Ames, Iowa) with worsening tetraparesis and proprioceptive ataxia.On presentation to the ISU-VTH, the dog was in lateral recumbency, but was quiet, alert, and responsive. On physical examination, the dog had a heart rate of 100 beats per min, a rectal temperature of 40.6uC, and was panting. Generalized muscle tremors were present along with apparent hypersensitivity to touch and sound. On ne...

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Idiopathic Eosinophilic Meningoencephalomyelitis in a Rottweiler Dog

et al. 2010

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“…[1][2][3] Hypereosinophilic syndrome is another disease of unknown origin characterized by organ infiltration with eosinophils, most frequently of the bone marrow, spleen, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract. [4][5][6] Although some of these disorders can cause mass lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, diffuse intestinal thickening is more common.…”

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Idiopathic Eosinophilic Masses of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Dogs

Lyles

Panciera

Saunders

et al. 2009

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Eosinophilic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of dogs occurs in numerous disorders, typically resulting in diffuse intestinal thickening. Rarely, eosinophilic masses have been reported.Objective: Describe a series of dogs with 1 or more idiopathic eosinophilic gastrointestinal masses (IEGM) to better characterize the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis.Animals: Seven dogs with 1 or more gastrointestinal masses composed primarily of eosinophilic infiltrates for which no underlying cause was found.Methods: Retrospective case series.Results: Rottweilers and purebred, large breed dogs predominated. Dogs were middle-aged and typically had chronic signs of upper or lower gastrointestinal disease. Decreased appetite, vomiting, and evidence of gastrointestinal hemorrhage were present in the majority of cases. An abdominal or rectal mass was frequently noted on physical examination. Common laboratory abnormalities included peripheral eosinophilia, mature neutrophilia, hypoproteinemia, and hypocholesterolemia. The masses were histologically composed of moderate to severe eosinophilic infiltrates, which were often transmural and accompanied by fibrosis. All dogs treated with surgery alone died of complications of their disease. Treatment with corticosteroids and ivermectin improved clinical signs, caused resolution of eosinophilic infiltrates, and prolonged survival in most dogs treated medically.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: These findings suggest that the prognosis for dogs with IEGM may be good when recognized and managed appropriately. When surgery is performed, medical treatment should also be added.

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“…It was believed that the patient initially suffered from a form of idiopathic eosinophilic disease previously reported rarely in dogs including rottweilers (21). While the disease state initially identified could explain the clinical signs and diagnostic findings as sequelae of severe eosinophilic inflammation, the presence of the foreign body and C. cynodegmi infection for the entire duration cannot be ruled out.…”

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confidence: 94%