A calcified meningioma should be first suggested when extradural or intradural masses located in the spine contain calcifications regardless of the size or pattern as depicted on CT, especially in the presence of enhancement as seen on MR images.
Actinomycosis is a subacute-to-chronic bacterial infection caused by filamentous, gram-positive, non-acid-fast, anaerobic-to-microaerophilic bacteria. It is characterized by continuous spread, suppurative and granulomatous inflammation, and formation of multiple abscesses and sinus tracts that may discharge sulfur granules. Although the most common clinical forms of actinomycosis are cervicofacial, involvement of the nose and paranasal sinuses are extremely rare. Furthermore, nasal cavity actinomycosis mimicking rhinolith has not been reported in the literature previously. This article reports a patient of nasal cavity actinomycosis causing symptoms similar to those of a rhinolith, which was successfully treated by surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy.
Introduction Epidermal inclusion cysts are benign lesions that can develop in any part of the body. However, the finding of an epidermal inclusion cyst in the penis is rare. Aim The aim of this article was to present the management of a case of a penile epidermal inclusion cyst that occurred because of late complications of a penile girth enhancement surgery. Methods A 52-year-old man presented with a painless, slowly growing mass in the penis, which was first noted after a penile girth enhancement surgery 20 years ago. A cystic mobile mass about 2 cm in depth was found surrounding the coronal sulcus. Excision of the mass was performed for diagnosis and treatment. Results There was no communication with the urethra. The pathological diagnosis was an epidermal inclusion cyst of the penis. Conclusions A penile epidermal inclusion cyst in adult men is rare. It can develop after an inadequate procedure for penile girth enhancement, and should be treated by complete resection.
Tissue engineering cell-based therapy using induced pluripotent stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) may be promising tools for therapeutic applications in tissue engineering because of their abundance, relatively easy harvesting, and high proliferation potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ASCs can promote the auricular cartilage regeneration in the rabbit. In order to assess their differentiation ability, ASCs were injected into the midportion of a surgically created auricular cartilage defect in the rabbit. Control group was injected with normal saline. After 1 month, the resected auricles were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. The expression of collagen type II and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Histopathology showed islands of new cartilage formation at the site of the surgically induced defect in the ASC group. Furthermore, Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemistry for S-100 showed numerous positive chondroblasts. The expression of collagen type II and TGF-β1 were significantly higher in the ASCs than in the control group. In conclusion, ASCs have regenerative effects on the auricular cartilage defect of the rabbit. These effects would be expected to contribute significantly to the regeneration of damaged cartilage tissue in vivo.
Intraosseous hemangioma is an extremely rare tumor that accounts for 1% or fewer of all osseous tumors. The most common sites of its occurrence are the vertebral column and calvaria. Occurrence in a facial bone is very rare. The authors aim to report a case of the surgical treatment of intraosseous hemangioma occurring in the periorbital region, which is a very rare site of occurrence and to introduce our own experiences with the diagnosis and treatment of this condition along with a literature review. A 73-year-old male patient visited our hospital with the chief complaint of a mass touching the left orbital rim. A biopsy was performed by applying a direct incision after local anesthesia. Eventually, intraosseous hemangioma was diagnosed histologically. To fully resect the mass, the orbital floor and zygoma were exposed through a subciliary incision under general anesthesia, and then the tumor was completely eliminated. Bony defect was reconstructed by performing a seventh rib bone graft. Follow-up observation has so far been conducted for 10 months after surgery without recurrence or symptoms.
Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) can repair auricular cartilage defects. Furthermore, stem cell secretome may also be a promising biological therapeutic option, which is equal to or even superior to the stem cell. We explored the therapeutic efficacies of ADSCs and their secretome in terms of rabbit auricular cartilage regeneration. ADSCs and their secretome were placed into surgically created auricular cartilage defects. After 4 and 8 weeks, the resected auricles were histopathologically and immunohistochemically examined. We used real-time PCR to determine the levels of genes expressing collagen type II, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). ADSCs significantly improved auricular cartilage regeneration at 4 and 8 weeks, compared to the secretome and PBS groups, as revealed by gross examination, histopathologically and immunohistochemically. ADSCs upregulated the expression of collagen type II, TGF-β1, and IGF-1 more so than did the secretome or PBS. The expression levels of collagen type II and IGF-1 were significantly higher at 8 weeks than at 4 weeks after ADSC injection. Although ADSCs thus significantly enhanced new cartilage formation, their secretome did not. Therefore, ADSCs may be more effective than their secretome in the repair of auricular cartilage defect.
Fibrous hamartomas of infancy (FHIs) are benign, poorly-circumscribed, soft tissue growths presenting during the first 2 years of life and characteristically affecting the axilla, upper arm, upper trunk, inguinal region, and external genital area. Involvement of the hands and feet is extremely rare. We report a case of FHI unusually occurring in a deep portion of the hand. MRI revealed atypical features similar to that of a vascular malformation, hemangioma, fibromatosis, or neurofibromatosis of the hand. Partial resection of the mass was performed to correct the contracture of the second finger and an additional operation was not performed because of the benign nature of FHIs.
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