WO3-Pd composite films were deposited on the side-face of side-polished fiber Bragg grating as sensing elements by magnetron sputtering process. XRD result indicates that the WO3-Pd composite films are mainly amorphous. Compared to standard FBG coated with same hydrogen sensitive film, side-polished FBG significantly increase the sensor's sensitivity. When hydrogen concentrations are 4% and 8% in volume percentage, maximum wavelength shifts of side-polished FBG are 25 and 55 pm respectively. The experimental results show the sensor's hydrogen response is reversible, and side-polished FBG hydrogen sensor has great potential in hydrogen's measurement.
Fusarium graminearum is the main causative agent of cereal scab and maize cob rot in China. Two hundred and fifty‐five F. graminearum isolates were obtained from wheat, barley and maize from Hebei, Heilongjiang and Hubei, provinces with distinct climate conditions and cropping systems. The isolates were confirmed to be F. graminearum by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using F. graminearum species‐specific primers Fg16F/Fg16R. Two populations, 7C1 and 6A5, were identified to exist in China. The 6A5 population was predominant in Hubei in central China along the Yangtze River, whereas the 7C1 population was predominant in Heilongjiang and Hebei in northern China. Based on sequences of Tri13 and Tri3, genes involved in the mycotoxin biosynthetic pathway, PCR assays were used to detect 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3‐ADON), 15‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (15‐ADON) and nivalenol (NIV) chemotypes. All three chemotypes of F. graminearum were identified, with 15‐ADON chemotype predominating overall. A greater proportion of 3‐ADON chemotype was found in Hubei, whereas a greater proportion of 15‐ADON was found in Heilongjiang and Hebei.
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