Reduction in immunosuppression alone resulted in the successful resolution of viremia with preservation of renal function and prevention of clinical BKV nephritis and graft loss.
Disseminated adenoviral infection is a serious problem, especially in an immunocompromised host. The disease carries a mortality rate reaching as high as 80%. It is seen most frequently in bone marrow transplant recipients, where it causes pneumonia and disseminated disease. In solid organ transplant recipients it causes graft infection. We report the case of a renal transplant recipient with disseminated adenoviral infection and acute kidney failure requiring dialysis. Reduction of immunosuppression and 1 dose of cidofovir were associated with resolution of viremia and viruria and return of kidney function to near baseline.
Renal transplant recipients of African American race had a lower risk of posttransplant BKV infection compared with whites, independent of other confounding risk factors.
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