Agp1 is a canonical biliverdin-binding bacteriophytochrome from the soil bacterium Agrobacterium fabrum that acts as a light-regulated histidine kinase. Crystal structures of the photosensory core modules (PCMs) of homologous phytochromes have provided a consistent picture of the structural changes that these proteins undergo during photoconversion between the parent red light-absorbing state (Pr) and the far-red light-absorbing state (Pfr). These changes include secondary structure rearrangements in the so-called tongue of the phytochromespecific (PHY) domain and structural rearrangements within the long ␣-helix that connects the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase, adenylyl cyclase, and FhlA (GAF) and the PHY domains. We present the crystal structures of the PCM of Agp1 at 2.70 Å resolution and of a surface-engineered mutant of this PCM at 1.85 Å resolution in the dark-adapted Pr states. Whereas in the mutant structure the dimer subunits are in anti-parallel orientation, the wild-type structure contains parallel subunits. The relative orientations between the PAS-GAF bidomain and the PHY domain are different in the two structures, due to movement involving two hinge regions in the GAF-PHY connecting ␣-helix and the tongue, indicating pronounced structural flexibility that may give rise to a dynamic Pr state. The resolution of the mutant structure enabled us to detect a sterically strained conformation of the chromophore at ring A that we attribute to the tight interaction with Pro-461 of the conserved PRXSF motif in the tongue. Based on this observation and on data from mutants where residues in the tongue region were replaced by alanine, we discuss the crucial roles of those residues in Pr-to-Pfr photoconversion.

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The X-ray structure of the Fab fragment from the anti-c-myc antibody 9E10 was determined both as complex with its epitope peptide and for the free Fab. In the complex, two Fab molecules adopt an unusual head to head orientation with the epitope peptide arranged between them. In contrast, the free Fab forms a dimer with different orientation. In the Fab/peptide complex the peptide is bound to one of the two Fabs at the "back" of its extended CDR H3, in a cleft with CDR H1, thus forming a short, three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet. The N- and C-terminal parts of the peptide are also in contact with the neighboring Fab fragment. Comparison between the CDR H3s of the two Fab molecules in complex with the peptide and those from the free Fab reveals high flexibility of this loop. This structural feature is in line with thermodynamic data from isothermic titration calorimetry.

In tubers of two potato cultivars and in one apple cultivar, water clusters, consisting of 11 ± 1, 100, 178, 280, 402, 545, 715, 903, 119, 1351, 1606 and 1889 molecules, were directly (in-vivo) analyzed by gravitation spectroscopy. The clusters’ interactions with their surroundings during plant growth in summer 2006 in Germany were described where a model represents the states of water clusters in bio matrices. Furthermore, a comparison with clusters in irrigation water (river, rain) is given. To achieve a high and good quality yield it is necessary to choose the right irrigation water that has to correspond with the water cluster super structure in plants. The formation energy for the (H2O)280 cluster during plant growth is between 0.4 and 1.3 kJ/mol. Water clusters were found to communicate with surroundings by resonance field oscillations. The main cluster parameters which were investigated are intensities of oscillations, average molecular masses, rate of collapsed clusters, and total number of clusters in ensemble during potato (apple) growth. A correlation between the change of water cluster ensembles in plants with molecular masses of all clusters in isolated starch (in-vitro) during plant growth process is discussed. In particular for potato tubers’ growth, there was observed a correlation between water cluster development and average molecular masses of amylopectin super coils. The com-munication of plants with each other and with surroundings proceeds by resonance field of oscillating water clusters. Planet gravitation was found to influence the water cluster structure in plants

It was investigated how react molecular clusters in water, starch, bio-matrices, polymers and in quartz on gravitation radiation from planets. Gravitation radiation (GR) was found to influence the proton jumping in hydrogen bonds that stabilize the cluster structure. There was given a method calculating parameters of GR as well as a mechanism of its resonance interaction with weak GR from molecular matter (WGR). WGR has been defined as the result of proton dissolving in vacuum connected with its simultaneous condensation in the nearest free space. Both dissolving and condensation proceed with super light velocity. The gravitation wave length has been determined experimentally and it depends on the planet masses (between Earth and Sun λ ≥ 62 km, between Earth and Milky Way center λ ≥ 330 km). GR has been characterized with super light velocity. After analyzing the Sun influence on water two forms of protons were found: in a condensed and dissolved state. A new model for the atomic nucleus has been suggested according to which the protons in the nucleus oscillate between condensed and dissolved state, where in the case of isotopes this state is partially destroyed. The models for H2 and Be shall be given. Electron orbitals in atoms and molecules were found to be caused by a stationary front of shock waves from condensing protons

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The long-range order in n-hexane, gasoline, diesel and in their mixtures with/without water is investigated by the gravitational mass spectroscopy (GMS). Molecular clusters are analyzed to be present in fuels and mixtures. Using GMS subtraction spectra for water in hydrocarbons, it becomes clear what role water plays and how it interact with the surroundings. Water in fuels is concluded to appear as individual clusters, whose structure (density) depends on the nature of hydrocarbon clusters. The combustion mechanism of hydrocarbons saturated with water will be discussed. Water clusters are suggested to accelerate the diffusion processes of the combustion. Molecular clusters in liquid fuels are formed in stationary gravitational waves of white noises, penetrating the Earth.