Path-breaking scholarship has described how corporate control of food production and distribution is implicated in the global emergence of diets heavy in fats, meats and sugars. The 'multinational food and beverage companies with huge and concentrated market power' can be thought of as Big Food. Big Food's presence in Kenya has expanded, and organizations have expressed concerns about the number of Kenyans who are obese. Despite these concerns, Kenya's dietary profile does not show a clear picture of high fats, meats and sugars. This suggests that the structural factors that shape the organization of Kenya's food supply need to be examined. By looking to the food regime approach, it is possible to understand how dietary patterns are a 'reconstitution of material culture', as trade arrangements shape diets in ways that make some foods seem traditional, while others appear to be new or exotic. By using the food regime approach, it is possible to understand how Kenya's position in international trade influences food production and consumption, as well as how the Kenyan state has played a role in mitigating the Big Food diet. In this respect, the policies and practices that organize Kenyan diets are reflective of global-historical arrangements, but are also particular to Kenya. I base my argument on ethnographic research conducted in 2010 and 2014 in urban and rural areas, interviews, FAOSTAT statistics, scholarship, government documents, agency reports, newspapers and relevant food websites.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how the meanings of veal change from 1989 to 2014 in the pages of two major newspapers. Design/methodology/approach Articles in The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph that use the word “veal” were selected (n=1,387). Articles were read for emergent themes and each use of the word veal was coded. Each newspaper had phases of popularity in the use of the word “veal,” and unique words for each of these phases were identified. The context of these unique words was examined in order to illustrate changes in what to eat and why, as well as how to access food and act toward it. Findings This paper illustrates how readers are meaningfully encouraged to engage in food politics in ways that may be incrementally transformative, but do not involve demanding food as a right. Originality/value This paper illustrates that normalizing scandalous food involves complexity and subtle changes. Shifts in messages are detected and analyzed using the related concepts of subsistence standards and practices of reciprocity.
This article seeks to understand a puzzling aspect of Georg Simmel’s The Philosophy of Money, namely, the many religious analogies Simmel uses to characterize money. We argue that with these analogies Simmel indicates how what he would later term ‘the transcendent character of life’ permeates mundane monetary interactions. Specifically, we articulate how key religious forms of experience – faith, unity, and individuality – exist in monetary exchange and point toward a distinctively Simmelian way to understand the interplay between religion and economics.
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