Abstract. Herlina L, Pukan KK, Mustikaningtyas D. 2017. The endophytic bacteria producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) in Arachis hypogaea. Cell Bio Dev 1: 31-35. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria living in plant tissue and forming colony without harms the host. Every cormophyte, plants that have a stem and root, may contain some endophytic bacteria which can produce biological compounds or secondary metabolites. The objective of the study was to obtain endophytic bacteria isolates from peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea) at three locations, and to test in vitro the ability of endophytic bacteria isolates for producing IAA, and also to analyze IAA on the growth and development of mungbean plants. The study was carried out in three stages; the first was the isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves, stems, and roots; the second was the test of in vitro endophytic bacteria isolates to know the ability of IAA production. IAA assay was measured by using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 535 nm, and the third was the introduction of IAA-producing endophytic bacteria in mungbean. The parameters observed were the length of sprouts and the number of lateral roots. The results showed that 16 isolates were selected based on IAA-producing ability. The isolates could produce different IAA with different morphological characteristics. After the fourth day of incubation, the highest and the lowest of IAA amount were 69.68 (mg L -1 ) and 8.50 (mg L -1 ) respectively. Isolates that produce high IAA levels are applied to mungbeans, it affects the number of lateral roots but it does not have effect on the length of the sprouts. DM and K1K1 isolates have the effect of increasing lateral root formation and are expected to be potential sources of bioactive metabolites.
TK Wiji is a nursery school which was built at Jl. Untung Suropati no. 10 kelurahan Tegalrejo kota Pekalongan based on NPSN 69879295 of 2005 by Yayasan 99. TK Wiji is growing fast due to its education system which is in line to the 2013 national curriculum with the vision of toodler characteristic development. The most fundamental of character education is environment education. Considering to this situation, we have found that the most common litter of the nursery is disposable diaper. This kind of diaper is hardly degraded into its monomer. Colon’s research in 2013 has found a strategy to use this diaper as compost. Based on <strong>the problem of disposable diaper wastes</strong> in the nursery and also the result of the background research about <strong>exploiting the waste as compost</strong>, then the environment education for toodler of TK Wiji by using diaper waste as a material for hidroponic cultivation was done. In the beginning, guidances were given to the teacher in 2 phases which are making diaper waste composite into organic fertilizer and making hidrogel for interior plant cultivation by using the gel of the waste. In the next step, the teachers were asked to make improvisation regarding toodler environment education by using the skills. In spite of this, there was still an argument about the time management in the learning process by using diaper waste as the material. Thus an implementation of the skill for toodler extracuricular was stated.
Teaching and Learning process through practice and simulation method direct the students to understand the concept better. This research aimed to find out the students’ achievement in the implementation of practice and simulation method on the ecosystem material as well as the students’ attitude toward the method given. The design of this research was quasi-experimental research. The population of this research was tenth-grade students of senior high school 2 Bae Kudus.The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the sample. The sample that is chosen was X MIPA 3 class (experimental class) and X MIPA 4 (Control class). Based on t-test result, the value of significance (2-tailed) amount 0,00 was obtained. Thedataof this research showed the value of significance < 0,05. It was proved that there is a significant difference on the students’ achievement between the experimental class and the control class.The students’ achievement average of the experimental class was 77,78 and the average in the control class was 57,02.Total of the students who gave the positive response toward practice and simulation method was 77,78%. The implementation of the practice and simulation method directed the students to understand the material being studied better so the students’ achievement becomes optimum.
Problem based learning (PBL) with video can be the concept of student knowledge on immune system material. The PBL 2013 model is widely used in learning or curriculum, but implementation is rarely used in learning. Based on preliminary observation at SMA N 1, it is known that the absorption capacity of immune system is 21.91% at national exam is the lowest. This research on the effectiveness of problem-based learning models with videos on student learning results in cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. The research sample consists of three experimental classes. Data sources include students' cognitive learning outcomes (pretest-posttest), affective learning outcomes, psychomotor learning outcomes, teacher qualitative descriptive analysis (interview) and student responses with descriptive percentage analysis. Data were analyzed by using the cognitive learning outcomes (pretest-posttest) in experimental classes. The questionnaire of learning implementation shows that the PBL with video on the immune learning system has been done well. The calculation of the N-gain value, the experimental classes has been increased by 0.77 with the high category. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the PBL model for students is effective in applying material to cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes of students in SMA N 1 Semarang.
The purpose of this study was to discover and describe the effectiveness of 5E inquiry learning model by using interactive notebook on the subject of cell. It was a quantitative quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group design. The population of this study was the whole eleventh grade science students of SMA Negeri 1 Magelang. The researchers used simple random sampling which took the students from Class Science 1 of eleventh grade as the experimental class and Class Science 3 of eleventh grade as the control class. In collecting the data, the researchers used the result of pre-test, post-test and the grades of students from experimental class (using interactive notebook) then the assessment of control class students’ laboratory work report performance. Normality test, homogeneity test, average difference test, the improvement of learning skill measurement, and classical completeness measurement were used for data analysis. The result shown that 5E Inquiry-Learning Model by Using Interactive Notebook on the Subject ‘Cell’ was effective. It was proved by the average of both of classes (experimental class and control class) was significantly different (tcount (7.36) > ttable (2.00)). The difference was supported by the fact that the improvement of learning skill of experimental class students was better the control class students. For the experimental class, the improvement of student learning skill was categorized as medium (index gained 0.61) while control class’ was low (index gained 0.29). In addition, the experimental class had reached the classical completeness rate (the percentage was 87.89%) while the control class had not reached it yet (around 27.27%).
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