Brain inflammation is a pathological characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. In this condition, excessively activated microglia elevate proinflammatory mediator levels. We previously reported that panaxytriol inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglia activation in vitro. However, the effects of panaxytriol on microglia activation in vivo require confirmation. In the present study, we found that panaxytriol suppressed both microglia and astrocyte activation by injected LPS intracerebrally to mice with LPSinduced brain inflammation. Panaxytriol was more effective on microglia than astrocytes. Moreover, panaxytriol tended to reduce LPS-induced spontaneous motor activity dysfunction. These results suggested that panaxytriol could improve brain health by suppressing microglia activation in neurodegenerative diseases.

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