Purpose To evaluate the renal arteries and abdominal aorta in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX). Design Prospective, case-control study. Methods The study involved 49 patients with PEX and 42 control subjects. Abdominal aorta and renal arteries were examined by Doppler ultrasonography. In both renal arteries (proximal and distal portions) and abdominal aorta, the peak systolic velocity (PSV) was measured. Renal artery stenosis (RAS) was defined as the renal artery PSV 4150 cm/s or renal-to-aortic ratio (RAR) 43.0. Patients who had an abdominal aortic diameter 43 cm were recorded. Computed tomographic angiography was performed to confirm these findings in patients with RAS and/or abdominal aorta aneurysm. Results The mean PSV in the proximal renal artery was 88.3 cm/s in PEX group and 79.5 cm/s in control group (P ¼ 0.314); in distal renal artery was 91.7 cm/s in PEX group and 93.0 cm/s in control group (P ¼ 0.794); in abdominal aorta was 76.0 cm/s in PEX group and 65.2 cm/s in control group (P ¼ 0.046). RAS was observed in nine patients with PEX and in only one patient without PEX (P ¼ 0.017). Seven out of 10 patients with RAS (six patients in PEX group; one patient in control group) had hypertension. Abdominal aorta aneurysm was observed in four patients in PEX group but not in control group (P ¼ 0.061). Conclusions Our study has demonstrated that there is a significant association between PEX and RAS. The abdominal aorta aneurysm may be seen in patients with PEX.
In patients with recently diagnosed PCOS, tear volume and osmolarity are not affected but, conjunctival morphology may be affected, though on a limited scale.
Horseshoe lung is a rare congenital anomaly and mostly accompanied by scimitar syndrome. Most aspects of this complex anomaly can be demonstrated via multidetector CT (MDCT). We present two baby girls who had horseshoe lung associated with right lung hypoplasia and scimitar vein. The chest roentgenograms showed displacement of the heart and mediastinum to the right with smaller right lung. Echocardiography revealed dextroposition, secundum atrial septal defect and bilateral slight peripheral pulmonary stenosis in the first case and dextroposition, severe pulmonary hypertension, secundum atrial septal defect and tricuspid regurgitation in the other one. On thoracic MDCT, the right lung and pulmonary artery were hypoplastic with cardiomediastinal shift to the right. There was an abnormal right pulmonary vein draining into the inferior vena cava on the lower zone of the right lung (scimitar vein). The posterobasal portions of the both lungs were fused through a midline isthmus behind the heart.
Rickets as a complication to infantile osteopetrosis is not uncommon. Skeletal roentgenograms are of critical importance in the diagnosis of both osteopetrosis and superimposed rickets.
Ascaris lumbricoides is the most widespread cause of helminthic infestations in developing countries. It is more prevalent and its course more serious in children than in adults (1). The parasite most commonly settles in the mid-section of the ileum and jejunum in the intestines. Intestinal infection is generally asymptomatic. However, serious complications may occur, such as ascending cholangitis, acute acalculous cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, pancreatitis, liver abscesses, and septicemia, with the settlement of the parasite in the biliary tract ascending upwards from the intestines (2,3). Due to the narrow and tortuous structure of the biliary tract, it is rare for the parasite to invade the gallbladder or the pancreatic duct (1). This presentation evaluates the diagnosis and follow-up findings with ultrasonography (US) of a rare case of ascariasis settled in the gallbladder, choledochus and pancreatic duct, causing cholangitis and pancreatitis. CASE REPORTA 15-year-old female living in a rural area presented to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia, and weight loss. The patient had sensitivity in the right hypochondriac and epigastrium and hepatomegaly. Her laboratory examinations revealed: leukocytosis (18000/μl), significant increases in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 55 (<37) IU/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 107 (<40) IU/L and amylase 340 (<83) IU/L. They also showed slight increases in alkaline phosphatase 94 (32-92)
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