Horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome

Gönen, Korcan Aysun; Canıtez, Yakup; Bostan, Özlem; Yazıcı, Zeynep

doi:10.1136/bcr-2014-204389

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Horseshoe lung is markedly associated with scimitar syndrome, with an 80–85% overall incidence of association between the two anomalies 11 . Scimitar syndrome constitutes a small proportion of congenital heart anomalies and is characterized by anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the hypoplastic right lung into the systemic venous circulation 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with horseshoe lung often present with significant cardiopulmonary distress symptoms 10 . The multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scan is the preferred diagnostic modality to detect these uncommon and complex malformations without the need for invasive options such as catheterization and bronchoscopy 11 , 12 . Herein, we report a rare case of a 3-month-old child diagnosed with horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome by using MDCT, the first reported case of this condition in Palestine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare case of horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome in Palestine: a case report

Shrateh

Rajab

Issawi

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction: The caudal and basal parts of the lungs are fused together in a rare congenital bronchopulmonary anomaly known as horseshoe lung. The majority of horseshoe lung cases are associated with scimitar syndrome. Most patients present with nonspecific symptoms. Multidetector pneumoangiography can be used to diagnose horseshoe lung, which shows that the isthmus of the pulmonary parenchyma traverses the midline, connecting the two lungs together. Treatment and prognosis are usually determined depending on the presence of other concomitant anomalies and the degree of symptom severity. Case Presentation: A 3-month-old-male patient presented with respiratory symptoms and a history of chest infection. Chest imaging revealed anomalous venous drainage from the right lower lobe of the lung, right lung hypoplasia with mediastinal shift, and a parenchymal isthmus extending between the two lungs. The patient was diagnosed with horseshoe lungs associated with scimitar syndrome. He was also found to have extralobar sequestration to the right lower lobe of the lung. The patient underwent surgical management in the form of tunneling of the anomalous vein into the left atrium using pericardium autograft ligation of the sequestration artery. Clinical Discussion: Because of its common association with other congenital malformations such as scimitar syndrome and cardiovascular defects, clinicians should be meticulous in the investigation and workup process of patients with horseshoe lung in order not to miss any of these associated abnormalities. Conclusion: Although it is very rare, horseshoe lung should be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory distress symptoms, especially in children younger than 1 year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare case of horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome in Palestine: a case report

Shrateh

Rajab

Issawi

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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“…Figa et al [ 5 ] classified horseshoe lung into three patterns: (1) lung fusion without the intervening pleura; (2) the presence of two pleural layers between the crossover lung tissue; and (3) the presence of four pleural layers between the crossover lung tissue, and the isthmic lung tissue is surrounded by its own visceral and parietal pleural envelopes. Horseshoe lung has a high incidence of association with scimitar syndrome, with co-occurrence identified in 80%–85% of cases [ 8 ]. Scimitar syndrome typically occurs in patients with right lung hypoplasia [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most patients are diagnosed below the age of 1 year [ 14 ]. For the diagnosis of horseshoe lung, CT represents a useful imaging technique [ 8 ]. The fusion of both lungs via a parenchymal isthmus can be easily detected on CT images [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two rare cases of horseshoe lung with scimitar syndrome in Vietnam

Duc

et al. 2021

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

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Horseshoe lung is a rare, congenital, pulmonary anomaly in which the caudal and basal segments of the left and right lungs are joined together. Most cases of horseshoe lung are associated with scimitar syndrome. Horseshoe lung can be diagnosed using pulmonary angiography, showing that the isthmus of the pulmonary parenchyma crosses the midline into the contralateral side. The isthmus parenchyma is typically supplied by the hypoplastic pulmonary artery. Clinical symptoms, therapeutic methods, and prognosis depend on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, recurrent pneumonia, and other combinations of congenital malformations. In this article, we describe two cases of horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome and pulmonary malformation.

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“…1). In the horseshoe lung, the posteriorly herniated lungs cross the posterior mediastinum in front of the esophagus, between the heart and esophagus, and below the carina [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Considering that a horseshoe lung can result from non-separation of the lung bud arising from the ventral aspect of the tubular foregut, both lungs may fuse on the ventral side of the esophagus [13].…”

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior Lung Herniation in Pulmonary Agenesis and Aplasia: Chest Radiograph and Cross-Sectional Imaging Correlation

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Korean J Radiol

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Objective: To describe the anatomic locations and imaging features of posterior lung herniation in unilateral pulmonary agenesis and aplasia, focusing on radiograph-CT/MRI correlation. Materials and Methods: A total of 10 patients (seven with pulmonary agenesis and three with pulmonary aplasia, male: female = 1:9, mean age 7.3 years, age range from 1 month to 20 years) were included. Chest radiographs (n = 9), CT (n = 9), and MRI (n = 1) were reviewed to assess the type of lung underdevelopment, presence of anterior and posterior lung herniation, bronchus origin, supplying artery, and draining vein of the herniated lung. Results: Pulmonary agenesis/aplasia more commonly affected the left lung (n = 7) than the right lung (n = 3). Anterior lung herniation was observed in nine of the 10 patients. Posterior lung herniation was observed in seven patients with left pulmonary agenesis/aplasia. Two patients showed posterior lung herniation crossing the midline but not beyond the aorta, and five patients showed the posteriorly herniated right lower lobe crossing the midline to extend into the left hemithorax farther beyond the descending thoracic aorta through the space between the esophagus and the aorta. This anatomical configuration resulted in a characteristic radiographic finding of a radiolucent area with a convex lateral border and a vertical medial border in the left lower lung zone, revealing a tongue-like projection on CT and MRI. Conclusion:Posterior lung herniation occurs in unilateral left lung agenesis/aplasia. Approximately 70% of the cases of posterior lung herniation reveal a unique radiolucent tongue-like projection in the left lower lung zone on imaging studies, which is caused by the extension of the posteriorly herniated right lung farther beyond the descending aorta.

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Horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Rare case of horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome in Palestine: a case report

Rare case of horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome in Palestine: a case report

Two rare cases of horseshoe lung with scimitar syndrome in Vietnam

Posterior Lung Herniation in Pulmonary Agenesis and Aplasia: Chest Radiograph and Cross-Sectional Imaging Correlation

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