This paper presents a compact modeling methodology for inductors and capacitors based on transmission-line theory. Using continued fractions approximation, second-and third-order intrinsic inductor and capacitor models are demonstrated. With the second-order model, one can accurately predict inductor and capacitor behavior up to their first resonance frequencies. With the third-order model, one can match the measured inductor or capacitor response beyond the first resonance frequency. Wideband accurate passive models developed here are essential for transient and harmonic-balance analysis where out-of-band frequencies are important. The model parameters are extracted directly from -parameter measurement without a need for optimization. Furthermore, the frequency-dependent nonlinear effects of spiral inductors and metal-insulator-metal capacitors are expressed based on simple models without resorting to frequency-dependent parameters.Index Terms-Equivalent-circuit model, integrated passives, lumped elements, metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors, quality factor, self-resonance, spiral inductors.
A CMOS-compatible on-wafer true-time-delay (TTD) line for broadband microwave applications is demonstrated using a novel micro-coax technology. The insertion loss of the developed TTD line is less than 2.55 dB for a constant group delay of 390 ps from dc to 40 GHz, without control power or control voltage. To the best of our knowledge, the fabricated micro-coaxial TTD line provides the best figures-of-merit (FOM) value (0.00641 dB/ps at 40 GHz) among reported on-wafer TTD lines. Index Terms-Broadband, figures-of-merit (FOM), monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), phase shifters, true-timedelay (TTD) line.
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