A fringe-projection system for microscopic applications, fringe-projecting microscopy, is developed and analyzed. Projection of the grating and imaging of the fringe system, modulated by the surface, are accomplished by the same high-aperture objective. The spectrum of the grating is spatially filtered and projected into the aperture with a lateral shift, which leads to a telecentric projection under oblique incidence and telecentric imaging. Topographies of specularly as well as diffusely reflecting surfaces can be obtained. The measurement of highly rough surfaces is described together with preprocessing steps. The resulting intensity distribution of the fringes is analyzed. Formulas for vertical and lateral resolution, measuring range, and dynamic range, based on noise considerations, are presented and verified by topographies of technical surfaces.
Storage of speckle pattern in real time by means of Bit2SiO2o-crystals will be reported. Applying the double exposure technique, deformations, displacements as well as tilts can be analysed. The novel speckle technique displays the Young'-interference fringes in quasi real time.
Arthrosporone (1) and eight new triquinane-type sesquiter-The absolute configuration of cucumin F (8) was assigned by 1 H-NMR analysis of the corresponding Mosher esters. Two penoids have been isolated from mycelial cultures of the agaric Macrocystidia cucumis. The cucumins AϪD (2, 4Ϫ6) are further metabolites were identified as cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl) (12) and cyclo(leucylprolyl) (13). Cucumin A (2) exhibits highly unsaturated hirsutane derivatives, whereas the cucumins EϪG (7Ϫ9) represent a new type of linear triquinanes. antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Cucumin H (10) is a new member of the ceratopicane group. cystidia cucumis (Pers. ex Fr.) Heim (German: Gurkenschnitzling) have previously been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity and strong cytotoxic effects [1] . We now report on the isolation of the active principles, which were identified as a series of biosynthetically related triquinanetype sesquiterpenoids.
Fermentation of the Fungus and Isolation of the MetabolitesFor production of the cucumins, fermentations of Macrocystidia cucumis were carried out in 100 l of YMG medium. When the antifungal activity had reached its maximum, the mycelia were separated from the culture fluid by filtration and discarded. The antibiotics were adsorbed onto HP 21 resin, washed with methanol, and eluted with acetone. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the culture filtrate varied with the fermentation time. The metabolites were isolated from the crude fermentation extract by flash chromatography on silica gel followed by HPLC on RP-18 material (Figure 1 and Experimental Section).
Hirsutane Derivatives 1, 2, 4؊6
Three-dimensional topometry is supplemented with ellipsometric measurements on the same pixel raster for calculation of the phase of the reflected waves and correction of the height fields. Lateral resolution is <1mum . The ellipsometric angles are determined by phase shifting and contrast evaluation. Three-dimensional fields of the ellipsometric angles, the real and the imaginary parts of the refractive index, and the corrected topography of the heights are presented.
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