Serum chemokines were significantly elevated in patients with at least severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy compared with those who had less severe retinopathy. Elevated levels of the chemokines and cell adhesion molecules were also identified in eyes of a donor with ischemic diabetic retinopathy. These findings provide evidence to support the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
The murder of Trayvon Martin is a painful reminder of the violence perpetuated towards subjugated groups who are often deemed suspicious because of the color of their skin and/or clothing. The association of the hoodie and Black skin with being a member of a violent group is an association that is familiar for Sikh men. Many today are unaware of how Sikh men have been vilified because of their skin color and turbans. The terrorist attacks, which occurred on September 11, 2001, had a significant impact on turbaned Sikh men living in North America. These men have been targeted since then because of their shared visual image with the perpetrators of 9/11. This brief reflection discusses the experiences of discrimination these men have experienced, gives examples of psychological and relational injuries related to 9/11, and offers personal and professional lessons learned through conversations with turbaned Sikh men on their experiences.
As the field of counseling psychology becomes increasingly global in scope, feminist and multicultural contributions are vital to the development of socially just, transnational counseling psychology. In this chapter we focus on (a) the ways in which both feminist and multicultural theory and practice inform and challenge prevailing approaches to transnational and cross-cultural work, in particular by drawing upon Sharon Horne’s experiences with post-communist countries and communities, and Kiran Arora’s work within transnational Sikh communities as a second-generation Sikh woman; (b) the foundational work conducted by feminist multicultural counseling psychologists in transnational contexts and with recent immigrants in the United States; (c) the developmental aspects of education and training in feminist-multicultural (F-M) transnational work; and (d) finally, future directions for F-M transnational counseling psychology.
AFTA envisions a just world by transforming social contexts that promote health, safety, and well-being of all families and communities. AFTA's mission is developing, researching, teaching, and disseminating progressive, just family therapy, and family-centered practices and policies. An annual conference is held for members
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