The authors examine the effects of school bonding on academic achievement (measured by math achievement scores) in a sample of 12th graders from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 (Ingels, Pratt, Rogers, Siegel, & Stutts, 2005). Components of school bonding have proximal and distal effects on academic achievement. Attachment to school and school involvement had direct effects on achievement; attachment to teachers and school commitment behaviors had indirect effects on achievement through school‐related delinquency and prior achievement. Implications for counselors are discussed.

This study tested a parent empowerment framework using a national sample of 9,982 parents from the Parent and Family Involvement Survey (National Center for Education Statistics, ) to investigate relationships between parent empowerment and children's academic performance. A multinomial logistic regression demonstrated significant relationships between parents' competence, self‐determination, community belonging, community participation, and academic performance, which differentiate among parents based on racial/ethnic, language, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Findings highlight the importance of parent empowerment interventions that consider structural barriers in schools.

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Organic photodetectors with solution-processed all small-molecular bulk heterojunction layers detect near UV light and are stable under high-intensity lights stronger than sun light.

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À)-Cannabidiol ((À)-CBD), an on-psychoactive phytocannabinoid from Cannabis,a nd its structural analogs have received growinga ttention in recent years because of their potentialt herapeutic benefits, including neuroprotective, anti-epileptic,a nti-inflammatory,a nxiolytic, and anticancer properties. (À)-CBD and its analogs have been obtained mainly based on extraction from the natural source; however,t he conventional extraction-based methods have some drawbacks, such as poor quality controla long with purification difficulty.C hemical-synthetic strategies for (À)-CBD could tackle these issues, and, additionally,g enerate novel (À)-CBD analogs that exhibit advanced biological activities. This review concisely summarizes the historic and recent milestones in the synthetic strategies for (À)-CBD and its analogs.

These results demonstrate that music therapy is an effective method for decreasing pain and dis-comfort for patients with leg fractures.

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