Abstract. Makmur M, Zain M, Marlida Y, Khasrad, Jayanegara A. 2019. Fatty acids composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents of tropical forages. Biodiversitas 20: 1917-1922. The study was conducted to determine the composition of fatty acids, measured rumen biohydrogenation reduction agents (total phenols and total tannins) content and selected promising plants in various species of tropical forages. Ten species of tropical forages, namely, Panicum maximum, Cynodon plectostachyus, Pennisetum purpurephoides, Pennisetum purpureum, Brachiaria decumbens, Glyricidia sepium, Calliandra calothyrsus, Stylosanthes guaianensis, Leucaena leucocephala and Indigofera zollingeriana were used in this study. The fatty acids composition (% of total identified fatty acids) which were dominant in grasses were C18: 3n-3 (29%), C16: 0 (28%) and C18: 2n-6 (23%). Whereas in legumes, the significantly higher composition of fatty acids was C18: 3n-3 (42%) followed by C16: 0 (17%) and C18: 2n-6 (17%). The average poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) composition in grasses was relatively lower (44.6%) than legumes (59%). Likewise the content of total phenols and total tannins (g/100g DM) of grasses (0.91 and 0.41) and legumes (1.72 and 0.70). The selection of the forage plant species was based on the criteria of PUFA composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents using TOPSIS method. The results obtained show that B. decumbens (grass) and I. zollingeriana (legume) had the highest preference value of 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. In conclusion, B. decumbens and I. zollingeriana are forage species that have potential to provide healthier ruminant products.
Dadih is a traditional fermented milk of Minangkabau ethnic which has been part of the richness of Indonesian food. Its existence has united with society life in West Sumatra, especially for community who resides in buffalo utilization areas. Here, some of buffalo milk productions are taken for dadih manufacturing. However, the production of dadih is still limited and does not show any immense progress so far. This review explains some aspects related to basic understanding about dadih, real condition of dadih production, the limitation of dadih's production development and its consumption level, and completing with some dadihrelated-researches and other potential attempts which are used as temporary answers to overcome low level of those conditions. Application of various researches on market scale is hoping to be the real response to force modern commercialization of dadih production and as a final point to enhance the level of dadih consumption.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ukuran tubuh sapi Bali dan Simbal di daerah Luhak Nan Duo, Pasaman Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 60 ekor sapi jantan pada sapi Bali dan Simbal yang terbagi atas 30 ekor sapi Bali dan 30 ekor sapi Simbal. Setiap unit perlakuan terdiri atas 10 ekor. Perlakuan dikelompokkan pada berbagai umur ternak yakni lepas sapih (I0), 1,5-2 tahun (I1) dan 2,5-3 tahun (I2). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sedangkan perbandingan jenis sapi perlakuan dianalisis menggunakan uji-t. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang badan sapi Bali jantan pada umur I0, I1, I2 yaitu: 67,7+ 1,34; 82,3±7,01; 112,8±2,57 cm. Tinggi pundak: 84,5±1,58; 92,3±4,83; 111,9±4,28 cm. Lingkar dada yaitu: 93,1±2,23; 120,7±7,36; 142,4±7,73 cm. Sedangkan bobot badan adalah 53,09±3,36; 108,69±13,98; 209,35±24,04 kg. Panjang badan sapi Simbal yaitu: 82±2,62; 106,4±0,97; 126,6±1,07 cm. Tinggi pundak: 91,3±1,34; 105,3±95; 123,7±2,31 cm. Lingkar dada sebesar 96,9±37; 136,7±1,49; 155,3±1,64 cm. Sedangkan bobot badan 69,69±3,08; 179,93±5,01; 276,29±7,12 kg. Dari hal diatas dapat ditarik simpulan bahwa ukuran tubuh sapi Simbal lebih unggul dibandingkan sapi Bali.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh umur sapih terhadap performans babi Duroc jantan. Ternak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 18 ekor babi Duroc jantan lepas sapih dengan bobot lahir antara 900 gram - 1300 gram yang berasal dari 3 induk babi yang berbeda dengan litter size 10 ekor. Penelitian ini berupa eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan selama 26 minggu. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah umur sapih pada babi yaitu 2 minggu (A), 3 minggu (B), dan 4 minggu (C). Peubah yang diamati adalah bobot sapih, bobot hidup, dan berat karkas. Penelitian diawali dengan sanitasi lalu penimbangan bobot awal, kemudian dilakukan pengacakan tempat ternak. Tiap kandang dikelompokkan sesuai umur. Pemberian pakan dilakukan dua kali sehari. Penimbangan sisa pakan dilakukan setiap pagi. Ternak babi dimandikan dua kali sehari dan penimbangan bobot badan dilakukan setiap 2 minggu sekali sampai 5 bulan 2 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, umur sapih berpengaruh terhadap performans babi Duroc Jantan. Umur sapih berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot sapih dan bobot hidup, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot karkas (P>0,05). Umur sapih 4 minggu memberikan performans yang terbaik dibandingkan umur sapih lainnya.
The Pesisir cattle are indigenous West Sumatera cattle. Their quality needs to be improved since they can live in local environment with sfficiently availablefeed resources. A research has been done to study the effects offeeding level andfattening period to the growth and the carcass characteristics of the Pesisir cattle. Thisresearchwasdesignedbyusingblockdesignwiththreeblocks. Thefirstfactorwastwolevelsoffeeding, i.e: Al : 50 % concentrate + 50 % ammoniated rice straw, A2 : 75 o% concentrate + 25 25 ammoniated rice straw. The second was time period offattening, i.e: B I : 3 months and 82 : 4 months. The results showed that there was no interaction between the level offeeding andfattening period to the growth, percentage of carcass, the backfat thickness and the rib eye area of the Pesisir cattle (P> 0.05). The higher of concentrate percentage, the higher the growth of the cattle, the thicker the backfat and the wider the rib eye area will be (P<0.05). Similarly, the longer thefattening, the higher the percentage of carcass, the thicker the backfat and tke wider rib eye area will b e. Ke1,w ords : P es is ir C at t I e, fe edin g I ev e I s, fatt enin g p er i o d, c arc es s Konsentrat Berbasis Bahan Lokal (Y'hastad, et al.)
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