Qualitative and energy performance of a plough largely depends on the parameters of the plough linkage mechanism. The aim of the research is to substantiate the parameters of plough linkage for smooth sloughing, which turns the layers within its furrow to a tractor of 1.4 classes. In researches methods of classical mechanics are applied. The effects of the field relief on the plough’s angular vibrations leading to changes in the depth of the hull stroke and its power load are studied. The dependencies for determining the plough linkage parameters are obtained. Theoretical studies have shown that the plough’s stroke uniformity and traction resistance are significantly affected by the longitudinal distance between the bodies, the vertical coordinate of the plough’s lower fingers and the height of the attachment triangle.n order to ensure the required uniformity of running at the working depth and minimum traction resistance, the following parameters of the attachment to tractors of class 1.4 are set: rack height and base width of the attachment triangle respectively 0.55-0.56 m and 0.70-0.75 m, the distance between the lower pins of the attachment and the plough support surface 0.45-0.50 m.
In the world much attention is paid to the development and application of machines that perform all technological processes of soil cultivation and preparation of soil for sowing crops in one pass on the field. The aim of the research is to substantiate the constructive scheme and mutual arrangement of the working elements of the machine for preparing the soil for sowing melon crops under the tunnel-type film. The authors proposed new technology for preparing the soil for sowing melon crops under the film of the tunnel type in one pass of the machine, including the surface loosening of the covered soil, milling-free loosening and formation of irrigation furrow along the axis of symmetry of the sowing zone, preparing the strip of soil for sowing melon crops under the film of the tunnel type. The design of the developed combined machine for the realization of the offered technology is resulted. The basic principles and methods of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis, and statistics were used in this study. It is established that the most optimal design scheme of the machine is considered to be a scheme with a sequential installation of a lancet leg, pairs of deep loosening machines, furrow cutters, and rotary working elements inclined to each other. It is theoretically proved that qualitative preparation of the field for sowing melons with minimum energy consumption is provided with the longitudinal distance between the deep loosened and the lancet leg of 40 cm, the transverse distance between the deep loosened and the support wheel of 10 cm, the longitudinal distance between the deep loosened and the furrow cutter of 50,6 cm, the longitudinal distance between the furrow cutter and the rotary working device of 123 cm.
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relative position of the working bodies of a combined machine for non-fall tillage of winter crops. The design scheme and the principle of operation of the combined machine are given. The basic principles and methods of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis and statistics were used in this study. It is established that the most optimal design scheme of a combined machine for non-tillage of the soil and its preparation for sowing of repeated crops is considered to be a scheme consisting of non-tillage cases with crushers, a battery with cut-out spherical disks and a roller. According to the results of theoretical and experimental studies, it was found that with a longitudinal distance between the shaft-free bodies of 40 cm and a transverse distance of 90 cm, a longitudinal distance from the toe of the ploughshare to the center of the support wheel of 50 cm and a longitudinal distance from the toe of the ploughshare of the shaft-free body to the axis of rotation of the cut-out spherical disk of 120 cm, a longitudinal distance from the axis of rotation of the cut-out spherical disk to the center of the roller of 75 cm, high-quality tillage with minimal energy costs is provided.
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