Background: Fungi have a potential of using both as nutritive and medicinal food stuff. Because of containing several therapeutic agents, they are reported to be used for hundreds of years to treat several diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. The aim of this study is to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Xylaria hypoxylon, which were collected from Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey. Materials and Methods: X. hypoxylon samples were air dried and extracted by using ethanol. Results: It is observed that ethanol extracts of X. hypoxylon has antimicrobial activity against several Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms tested. As a result of the study, an antimicrobial activity of X. hypoxylon found against most of strains used in the study. Conclusion:The results of our study clearly puts forward that X. hypoxylon could have a possible medicinal use.

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Lycoperdon lividum against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strains and analyse the composition of ethanol extracts by GC/MS. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of L. lividum extracts having 15 mg/mL concentration was assessed against a wide range of strains by disk diffusion method. The ethanol extract of L. lividum had antimicrobial activity against several microorganism tested, but it was active especially against S. carnosus. The results obtained herein indicate that L. lividum contains several active metabolites. Article Info

<p class="Abstract">Frankenia hirsuta is widely located in Turkey, but the antimicrobial potential and biochemical composition analysis of it weren’t determined yet. By using the disk diffusion method, the susceptibility of 17 bacteria and 1 fungi were analyzed, which included Bacillus, Candida, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Esche-richia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella and Staphylococcus genera. 0.8, 1.5 and 3.1 mg of samples were prepared by using absolute ethanol. The bioactive composition of the plant extract was determined by gas chromato-graphy-mass spectroscopy, and National Institute of Standards and Techno-logy library was used for the mass spectra analysis. The results showed that F. hirsuta had antimicrobial activity against all of the studied micro-organisms except E. aerogenes and E. coli. Several active metabolites were identified, but some composition of this sample didn’t match with the library. These results are the first report for the antimicrobial potential and biochemical composition of F. hirsuta.</p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p class="Abstract">3 min 36 sec:   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/YeKtYxtaa6c">Full Screen</a>   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeKtYxtaa6c">Alternate</a></p>

Many plants contain active substances that are known to be effective in both enhancing the wound healing process and lowering the incidence of wound infections. Previous studies have shown that bryophytes produce a variety of secondary metabolites that present pharmaceutical activities including antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Mnium stellare against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strains. Our present study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. stellare has antimicrobial activity against several Gram positive and negative microorganism tested, but its antimicrobial activity is notable especially against B. subtilis, S. typhimirium, S. aureus, S. carnosus, and S. epidermidis. These results are the very first report of the antimicrobial activity of M. stellare.

Medical herbs have many bioactive component and they are used in microbial treatment since ancient time. The resistance of pathogen to antibiotic is became a critical problem, so novel antimicrobial agent related research is required. Epilobium montanum related antimicrobial research doesn't exist, therefore root of this medicinal plant investigation was applied against 17 bacteria and 1 fungi by using disk diffusion method. These microbial species include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida genera. Besides, chemical composition of this sample was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The results were presented that E. montanum has antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial species except E. coli. Seventeen major chemical components were determined, but some composition of this sample is not match with library. For this reason, this medicinal plant contain unknown molecules and this molecules should be analysed by NMR spectra for 3D structure determination and identification.

The aim of this study was to test antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of Lavandula stoechas against 22 bacteria and 1 yeast. Also, biochemical composition of the extract was investigated. A wide range of Gram-positive, Gram-negative microorganisms, and multidrug resistant bacteria were selected to test the antimicrobial activity. As a result, the extract is observed to contain fenchone (bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,3,3-trimethyl-, (1R)-) and camphor (+)-2-bornanone) as major components and showed antimicrobial activity against all studied microorganisms except Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results of the study present that L. stoechas is active against MDR strains too.

Medical herbs have many bioactive component and they are used in microbial treatment since ancient times. The resistance of pathogens to antibiotics became a critical problem, so researches for novel antimicrobial agents are required. Anacyclus pyrethrum (pellitory, Spanish chamomile or Mount Atlas daisy) is commonly used as a traditional medicine, therefore the antimicrobial activity of the root of this medicinal plant was investigated against 17 bacteria and 1 fungi by using disk diffusion method. The test strains include Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Candida genera. Besides, chemical composition of this sample was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis. The results were presented that A. pyrethrum has antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial species except E. faecalis and S. typhimurium. Eighteen major chemical components were determined, but some composition of this sample is not match with library. For this reason, this medicinal plant contain unknown molecules and this molecules should be analysed NMR spectra for 3D structure determination and identification.

In this study, antimicrobial activities of two different samples of Allium sativum L. from Turkey (TR) (Taşköprü, Kastamonu, Turkey) and China (CN) were determined. A broad spectrum of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (17 bacteria) including species of Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus were used for testing antibacterial activity. In addition, antifungal activity against Candida albicans was also investigated. Antimicrobial activity was tested by using 3 different processes (chopping, freezing, and slicing by the disk diffusion method). The results showed that TR garlic presented more antimicrobial activity than CN garlic. Mechanism of activity of CN garlic could be proposed to be different from that of TR garlic.