Various chemical groups were evaluated for their skin sensitization potential in the guinea pig. In general, amines, acetanilides, pyridines, piperidines, and sulfones were positive in the guinea pig test. Since these tests were done over a period of years, any further structural-related correlations or predictions should be made with caution due to variability of sample purity or differences in methodology. It is important to realize that every chemical which is positive in the guinea pig should not be construed as definitive evidence of human skin sensitization.
Markedly hypothyroid goats were found to retain the ability to maintain body temperature during acute cold exposure (‐ 3° C), and to react to local cooling of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory “centre” by a rise in body temperature. However, the shivering response to external cold and to hypothalamic cooling was strongly accentuated, and the increase in urinary excretion of cate‐cholamines (especially of adrenaline) was generally much greater than that of the euthyroid goat. In 3 out of 4 hypothyroid goats studied, the catecholamine excretion at room temperature was also higher than that found in euthyroid goats. During acute cold exposures the blood glucose of the hypothyroid goats rose by about 300 per cent as compared to a rise of about 20 per cent in the euthyroid animals. It is concluded that to maintain thermal homeostasis in the cold markedly hypothyroid goats have to compensate the lack of thyroid hormone by a conspicuous increase in adrenaline secretion. Bilateral splanchnicotomy in the euthyroid goat resulted in practically complete absence of adrenaline in the urine, but did not present the rise in body temperature and the shivering seen during local cooling of the anterior hypothalamus. However, the hyper‐glycemic response to hypothalamic cooling was blocked completely.
A sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Na3EDTA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) were subjected to a repeated insult patch test on Hartley albino guinea pigs (10 per compound). All guinea pigs (10 of 10) receiving EDA were sensitized. None of the guinea pigs (0 of 10) was sensitized to Na3 EDTA. Likewise, none of the guinea pigs sensitized to EDA reacted positively when challenged with Na3 EDTA. Based on these results, it is concluded that EDTA is not likely to be a sensitizer to humans, and would not likely cross-sensitize with EDA. In addition, the presence of very small amounts of the sodium salts of EDTA in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations does not represent an appreciable risk of human skin sensitization.
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