An artificial compound eye corresponding to apposition eyes of insects has been demonstrated using a twodimensional array 0L gradient-index rod lenses known as a Selfoc lens plate (a SLP). A single erect Moir~ image is reconstructed from a number of inverted micro-images by an experimental optical system composed of the SLP, a pinhole array and a plano-concave lens. Characteristics of the compound eye is briefly discussed from the viewpoints of space-bandwidth product, viewing angle, and focal depth. Capability of a scale-invariant image sensor that has been proposed as an application of the compound-eye-type imager was also proved experimentally.
A novel optical bus interconnection system that uses Selfoc lenses is proposed. The technique can be categorized as one of free-space interconnects, and it has the potential to overcome the problems associated with the free-space optical system, such as difficulties of achieving precise assembling, compact mounting, and high durability. Its concept, fabrication techniques, features, and possible applications are discussed, along with an experimental result.
A new type of multiple imaging and multiple Fourier transformation system under coherent illumination using microlens arrays has been developed. The optical system is based on geometrical optics instead of convolution or diffraction. As a result, it has the advantage of design flexibility especially in alignment of the duplicate images. The experimental results of the system, which are implemented using planar microlens arrays fabricated by an ion exchange technique, are also discussed.
The planar microlens is a 2-D integrated microlens fabricated by the selective ion exchange technique. This paper demonstrates a new class of planar microlens which has a high numerical aperture. The new planar microlens uses a swelling structure and index distribution which comes from replacing ions with different ion volumes. Lens diameters from 10 to 400 microm can be fabricated. A numerical aperture larger than 0.5 is achieved when the lens diameter is smaller than 100 microm. Use of this microlens in light coupling between an LD and a single-mode fiber is also evaluated.
We have carried out wavefront aberration measurement with the reduction projection of an aperture on the pupil of the test microlens set in the interferometer optics. The size of the image of the aperture determines the effective aperture of the microlens, and proposes aperture restriction methods to reduce the influence of the Fresnel diffraction. Wavefront aberrations were measured and evaluated by the use of phase shift method applied to the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We studied if we can form an image of an aperture stop on the pupil plane of the test microlens. The evaluation of the effect of the aperture on the fringe quality was evaluated through the prototype equipment using the microlens of less than 30 micrometers in diameter. In this paper, we describe the method of reducing the measurement error of wavefront aberration using the effective diameter of the microlens.
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