Multiple imaging and multiple Fourier transformation using planar microlens arrays

Hamanaka, Kenjiro; Nemoto, Hiroyuki; Oikawa, Masahiro; Okuda, Eiji; Kishimoto, Takashi

doi:10.1364/ao.29.004064

Cited by 52 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For an image, the maximum number of pixels is Nmax X Nmax where Nmax = Smax / min = D52 / (1.22f5). (3) Using the numerical aperture NA5 of the L5 lenslets, we can rewrite Eq. (3) as = D5NA / (0.61(1NA52)W2).…”

Section: S Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Implementations of optical image crossbar switch</title>

Fukui

Kitayama

1993

SPIE Proceedings

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Section: S Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Implementations of optical image crossbar switch</title>

Fukui

Kitayama

1993

SPIE Proceedings

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“…The images are then Fourier transformed again by array lens 2 (AL2), and the pattern displayed on the IP is duplicated on the output plane (OP), which is the focal plane of AL2. 8) The numerical values required for the design of an optical duplicate system were calculated using geometric optics. The size l i of the input plane, which inputs the beam to be duplicated, is calculated from the following:…”

Section: Principle Of the Optical Duplicate Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact optical duplicate system for satellite-ground laser communications: application of averaging effects

Nakayama

Takayama

Fujikawa

et al. 2014

OPT REV

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In recent years, there has been considerable interest in satellite-ground laser communication due to an increase in the quantity of data exchanged between satellites and the ground. However, improving the quality of this data communication is necessary as laser communication is vulnerable to air fluctuation. We first verify the spatial and temporal averaging effects using light beam intensity images acquired from middle-range transmission experiments between two ground positions and the superposition of these images using simulations. Based on these results, we propose a compact and lightweight optical duplicate system as a multi-beam generation device with which it is easy to apply the spatial averaging effect. Although an optical duplicate system is already used for optical correlation operations, we present optimum design solutions, design a compact optical duplicate system for satellite-ground laser communications, and demonstrate the efficacy of this system using simulations.

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“…Microtelescope arrays were also analyzed in combination with macroscopic lens arrays [98,99]. Stacked MLAs are furthermore used for optical or information processing [160,161] and in many other kinds of microoptical systems [162].…”

Section: State Of the Art Of Man-made Vision Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-optical artificial compound eyes

Duparré¹,

Wippermann²

2006

Bioinspir. Biomim.

152

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Natural compound eyes combine small eye volumes with a large field of view at the cost of comparatively low spatial resolution. For small invertebrates such as flies or moths, compound eyes are the perfectly adapted solution to obtaining sufficient visual information about their environment without overloading their brains with the necessary image processing. However, to date little effort has been made to adopt this principle in optics. Classical imaging always had its archetype in natural single aperture eyes which, for example, human vision is based on. But a high-resolution image is not always required. Often the focus is on very compact, robust and cheap vision systems. The main question is consequently: what is the better approach for extremely miniaturized imaging systems—just scaling of classical lens designs or being inspired by alternative imaging principles evolved by nature in the case of small insects? In this paper, it is shown that such optical systems can be achieved using state-of-the-art micro-optics technology. This enables the generation of highly precise and uniform microlens arrays and their accurate alignment to the subsequent optics-, spacing- and optoelectronics structures. The results are thin, simple and monolithic imaging devices with a high accuracy of photolithography. Two different artificial compound eye concepts for compact vision systems have been investigated in detail: the artificial apposition compound eye and the cluster eye. Novel optical design methods and characterization tools were developed to allow the layout and experimental testing of the planar micro-optical imaging systems, which were fabricated for the first time by micro-optics technology. The artificial apposition compound eye can be considered as a simple imaging optical sensor while the cluster eye is capable of becoming a valid alternative to classical bulk objectives but is much more complex than the first system.

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Multiple imaging and multiple Fourier transformation using planar microlens arrays

Cited by 52 publications

References 13 publications

<title>Implementations of optical image crossbar switch</title>

<title>Implementations of optical image crossbar switch</title>

Compact optical duplicate system for satellite-ground laser communications: application of averaging effects

Micro-optical artificial compound eyes

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