The purpose of this study was to characterize different ethnic groups in Kyrgyzstan regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mental distress, and to investigate the association between CVD and mental distress. The mental distress was measured in terms of sleep disturbance, burnout, and stress.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among six ethnic groups in Kyrgyzstan, aged 18 years and above. The sample was stratified for age, education, family status, and income. We used the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire to assess sleep disturbance, the physical and emotional subscale of the Shirom Melamed Burnout Questionnaire to assess burnout, and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale to assess perceived stress.Results: The distribution of CVD differed significantly between the six ethnic groups, with higher prevalence among East Europeans, and Western Asians and lower among Other minorities and Central Asians. In all ethnic groups in Kyrgyzstan, individuals with CVD had increased odds of sleep disturbance and burnout. There was a significant difference in burnout and stress between persons with and without CVD in Kyrgyz and East European ethnic groups.Conclusion: There was a significant difference in burnout and stress between persons with and without CVD in Kyrgyz and East European ethnic groups. In addition to CVD prevention, mitigating sleep disturbance and preventing burnout in the general population should be aimed at in public health measures.
We identify ten public health challenges that need to be closely tracked in 2022. These challenges are COVID‐19, inadequate human resources for health, poor health systems financing, conflict and humanitarian crises, mental health, poverty, climate change, the health of children, reproductive health issues, and the infodemic. These global priorities, based on opinion of experts and current evidence and literature, need immediate attention and scaled‐up actions. This list of priorities does not discount the existence of other major public health challenges. We forecast and highlight those that may impact global public health in 2022 in order to progress and to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Thus, we advocate for stronger international cooperation, solidarity, and sustainable funding to address these challenges, and improve health across and within populations globally.
Introduction:In the Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health: Workforce 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for the promotion of decent working conditions for health care workers (HCWs) in all settings. The Central Asian countries (CACs) are low- and middle-income countries with economies past transition and with implemented health care reforms that touch HCWs and occupational health and safety (OHS) at large.The aim:of the present article is to highlight some challenges in OHS regulation and to highlight some of the latest studies on biological health risks to HCWs in CACs.Materials and methods:The article reviews 18 journal articles in Russian and 3 journal articles in English published since 2004, 3 dissertations, 10 national statistical sources and profiles, and 5 books.Results:OHS management systems in CACs are built on the principle of responding to insurance cases, not their prevention. Most labor law standards are declarative in nature because many employers ignore labor protection requirements. There has been no study since 2000 on the working conditions, the physical and chemical health risks or the effects of working conditions, mental and physical loads on the health of HCWs. A few studies were found on work-related infectious diseases (viral hepatitis, HIV and tuberculosis) of HCWs in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The latest studies showed a high prevalence of viral hepatitis B, C and G and of HIV infection in HCWs in Kyrgyzstan, with much lower rates in Kazakhstan.Conclusions:The traditional OHS approach used in soviet times has proven insufficient in CACs with developing market economies. OHS and the health of HCWs in Central Asia is insufficiently studied. The available data indicate a low level of attention to the health of HCWs. Serious studies on OHS in health care settings in this region are needed.
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