Intraoperative antibiotic irrigation decreases aqueous humor contamination during phacoemulsification. Further studies are warranted to determine the interrelationship between aqueous humor contamination and endophthalmitis in eyes with posterior capsular rupture.

Purpose:To report the management outcomes of diplopia in patients with blowout fracture.Materials and Methods:Data for 39 patients with diplopia due to orbital blowout fracture were analyzed retrospectively. The inferior wall alone was involved in 22 (56.4%) patients, medial wall alone was involved in 14 (35.8%) patients, and the medial and inferior walls were involved in three (7.6%) patients. Each fracture was reconstructed with a Medpore® implant. Strabismus surgery or prism correction was performed in required patients for the management of persistent diplopia. Mean postoperative follow up was 6.5 months.Results:Twenty-three (58.9%) patients with diplopia underwent surgical repair of blowout fracture. Diplopia was eliminated in 17 (73.9%) patients following orbital wall surgery. Of the 23 patients, three (7.6%) patients required prism glasses and another three (7.6%) patients required strabismus surgery for persistent diplopia. In four (10.2%) patients, strabismus surgery was performed without fracture repair. Twelve patients (30.7%) with negative forced duction test results were followed up without surgery.Conclusions:In our study, diplopia resolved in 30.7% of patients without surgery and 69.2% of patients with diplopia required surgical intervention. Primary gaze diplopia was eliminated in 73.9% of patients through orbital wall repair. The most frequently employed secondary surgery was adjustable inferior rectus recession and <17.8% of patients required additional strabismus surgery.

Purpose The aim of this study is to compare the therapeutic effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection in eyes with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) of different patterns determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods Medical records of patients who had a single IVB injection for DMO were analysed retrospectively. Eyes with a clinically significant DMO and a central foveal thickness (CFT) of 250 lm or more determined by OCT were included in the analysis. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CFT and total macular volume values before and after the injection were recorded. Eyes were divided into sponge-like diffuse retinal thickening (DRT), cystoid macular oedema (CMO) and serous retinal detachment (SRD) groups according to the morphology on OCT. Results A total of 92 eyes (42 with DRT, 31 with CMO and 19 with SRD) were included in the study. There was no statistically significant variation between three groups regarding the change in BCVA (P ¼ 0.695). CMO and SRD groups had greater reductions in their mean CFT, and the amount of reduction showed statistically significant variation between three groups (P ¼ 0.048). However, no statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of percentage of change in CFT (P ¼ 0.278). Conclusion CMO and SRD subtypes are associated with a greater reduction in the CFT than the DRT subtype. Although the change in BCVA was not significantly different between groups, the DRT group showed markedly better visual improvement in proportion to the decrease in CFT.

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Purpose. To assess the prognostic value of age on the outcome of transcanalicular multidiode laser dacryocystorhinostomy (TCL-DCR) in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). Methods. The medical records of TCL-DCR performed between March 2009 and September 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria include over 20 years of age, similar mean follow-up period, and similar mean duration of stenting. The main outcome is surgical success. The effect of age on success rate is also evaluated. Results. The anatomical success was 52% in Group 1 (20–30 years), 56% in Group 2 (31–40 years), 64% in Group 3 (41–50 years), 76% in Group 4 (51–60 years), and 88% in Group 5 (over 60 years). The statistical difference among Group 1 and Group 5, in terms of surgical success rate, was found to be significant (P = 0.009). Additionally, the 20–30-year-old patients had a failure rate 6.76 times higher than that of the over-60-year-old patients (P = 0.009; 95% CI, 1.605–28.542). Conclusion. TCL-DCR is a surgical treatment option for NLDO for which a skin incision can be avoided. The success rate of TCL-DCR for younger population is lower when compared with elderly population.

Purpose: To describe a case of cystoid macular edema (CME) developing after posterior chamber toric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation. Methods: Case report. Results: A 33-year-old male underwent implantation of toric implantable collamer lenses (ICL), a new generation of PIOLs, for both eyes. Preoperative best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/32 in the left eye, with a manifest refraction of -9.25 -4.0 × 4° and -9.75 -4.25 × 171°, respectively. On day 1 postoperatively, the left eye had an uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of 20/60 with a refraction of +2.0 -3.5 × 11°. Despite the rotation of the PIOL, the cylindrical refractive component persisted in the left eye with a refraction of +2.0 -3.5 × 11°. Two weeks after the initial surgery, he presented with a decrease in his visual acuity in the left eye. The UDVA and BCVA were both 20/100 in the left eye with a refraction of +2.0 -4.25 × 3°. Dilated fundus examination and macular optical coherence tomography revealed a CME in the left eye. Following topical nepafenac therapy and explantation of the ICL, we observed a complete resolution of the CME at 3 months with an improvement in BCVA to 20/32 in the left eye. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of postsurgical CME following toric ICL implantation. In cases of phakic eyes with an intact posterior capsule, postsurgical CME can develop, thus highlighting the purpose of this report.

Greater underestimation of IOP by GAT was observed in the glaucomatous eyes with thin corneas. Performing DCT on patients with thin corneas might be advantageous in establishing the need for more aggressive treatment.

Asymptomatic ET patients may have peripapillary RNFL thinning as a result of their systemic illness. This study is the first to demonstrate peripapillary RFNL changes in asymptomatic ET patients.