Hypoxylon is one of the most specious genera in Xylariaceae, whose species are saprobes or facultative parasites. In a survey of the Hypoxylon species from Parque Estadual de São Camilo, municipality of the Palotina, West region of Paraná State (24°18 0 00 00 -24°19 0 30 00 S and 53°53 0 30 00 -53°55 0 30 00 W). Twelve taxa were found: H. anthochroum, H. griseobrunneum, H. lenormandii, H. monticulosum, Hypoxylon peleae, H. cf. pilgerianum, H. rickii, H rubigineoareolatum, H. rubiginosum, H. subgilvum, H. subrutilum, and Hypoxylon vinaceobrunneum. Among these, H. vinaceobrunneum is proposed as new species, based on the following characters: surface effusedpulvinate, brown vinaceous; without apparent KOH-extractable pigments or with dilute grayish sepia; ostioles slightly papillate; ascospores light brown to brown, 7-10 9 3-3.5 lm, with slightly germ slit shorter than the spore-length. H. peleae is new to South America, whereas H. griseobrunneum is new to Brazil, and all the remaining taxa are newly reported from the State of Paraná or Southern Brazil. Key for the identification, morphological descriptions, and illustrations are presented for all species.
Annulohypoxylon parvodiscum sp. nov. is proposed, based on small ostiolar disc of bovei-type, olivaceous grey pigment, and ellipsoid ascospores (9–13 × 3–5 μm); and three other species of Annulohypoxylon are reported from western Paraná
State, Brazil: A. macrodiscum, A. nitens, and A. stygium. A key for identification of studied taxa is provided.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.