Hypoxylon (Xylariaceae, Ascomycota) from Western Paraná, Brazil

Abstract

Hypoxylon is one of the most specious genera in Xylariaceae, whose species are saprobes or facultative parasites. In a survey of the Hypoxylon species from Parque Estadual de São Camilo, municipality of the Palotina, West region of Paraná State (24°18 0 00 00 -24°19 0 30 00 S and 53°53 0 30 00 -53°55 0 30 00 W). Twelve taxa were found: H. anthochroum, H. griseobrunneum, H. lenormandii, H. monticulosum, Hypoxylon peleae, H. cf. pilgerianum, H. rickii, H rubigineoareolatum, H. rubiginosum, H. subgilvum, H. subrutilum, and Hypoxylon vinaceobrunneum. Among these, H. vinaceobrunneum is proposed as new species, based on the following characters: surface effusedpulvinate, brown vinaceous; without apparent KOH-extractable pigments or with dilute grayish sepia; ostioles slightly papillate; ascospores light brown to brown, 7-10 9 3-3.5 lm, with slightly germ slit shorter than the spore-length. H. peleae is new to South America, whereas H. griseobrunneum is new to Brazil, and all the remaining taxa are newly reported from the State of Paraná or Southern Brazil. Key for the identification, morphological descriptions, and illustrations are presented for all species.

Hypoxylon ochraceotuberosum and Hypoxylon rickii (Ascomycota, Hypoxylaceae) in Las Yungas of Salta province, Northwest of Argentina

“…Hypoxylon rickii has been previously reported in the tropical and subtropical areas of America (Fournier et al 2015, Ju & Rogers 1996. Their southernmost distribution was recorded for the southern portion of the Atlantic Forest in the Brazilian states of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul (Cruz & Cortez 2015). Therefore, this is the first record of the species in the subtropical montane Andean forest from the east of South America.…”

Emerging Forest Diseases: A Case Study of Greenheart (Chlorocardium spp., Lauraceae) and the Newly Described Fungus, Xylaria karyophthora

“…Early published work by Rogers and Callan [58] also provide evidence of Xylaria from Venezuela, while more recent investigations by San Martin and Rogers [59] offer extensive records of wood-rotting Xylaria species from Mexico in various forest types on various substrata. Records show documented collections from Belize, Ecuador, and the Guianas by Laessøe [60] and more recently in Brazil [61,62]. As part of a study on Neotropical macromycetes from montane and cloud forests, Lodge and colleagues [41] documented 13 species of Xylaria from the upper Potaro River basin in Guyana.…”

Hongos asociados al mangle rojo Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera Isla Cozumel, Quintana Roo, México

“…Distribución: Estados Unidos de América (Vasilyeva et al, 2007), Tailandia (Vasilyeva et al, 2012), Brasil (Cruz y Cortez, 2015), Argentina (Sir et al, 2016), para México se ha registrado en Jalisco, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Quintana Roo y Yucatán (Reyes et al, 2020). Notas taxonómicas: esta especie se caracteriza por un estroma efuso pulvinado, marrón con pigmentos anaranjados al contacto con KOH al 10%; ascas 90-150 × 4-7 µm, cilíndricas con poro apical amiloide; ascosporas 9-14 × 4-6 µm, elipsoides con extremos redondeados, marrón obscuro, inequilaterales, con línea germinal recta a lo largo de la misma, perisporio dehiscente en KOH al 10%, episporio liso.…”