Transformational leaders are typically seen as visionaries and catalysts of organizational change. Although organizational change is important, the transformational leadership model is vitally important and relevant to the public sector in ways that are not accounted for in this model. This article builds on and extends existing literature by identifying the key normative elements of a public sector transformational leadership model. Specifically, it focuses on why transformational leadership in the public sector should explicitly address democratic norms and the role of citizens and citizenship in both formulating and realizing shared goals.

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This article builds upon and extends the work of civic engagement, deliberative democracy, and discourse theorists by critically examining the ways in which civic engagement is currently conceptualized and utilized. Through this analysis, critical oversights, assumptions, and biases concerning the potential of public participation, the nature of who is or is not engaged, and the places where authentic engagement is occurring are revealed. To move the field forward and to prevent scholars and practitioners from inadvertently sustaining the very problems they are attempting to rectify, this author posits that a more critical and reflective approach to civic engagement and public participation efforts is needed. The article concludes with suggestions for alternative locations of engagement, future research, and public administration's role in supporting and facilitating publicly engaged citizens.

The future growth and sustainability of fed aquaculture, and especially that for carnivorous species, will be highly dependent upon the industry stepping away from its reliance upon forage fishes as major feed ingredients. With this goal in mind, the F3 Feed Innovation Network—a consortium of researchers; businesses, including feed manufacturers and ingredient providers; NGOs; and others—energizes industry to adopt novel and promising aquafeed ingredients and formulations. All evaluated formulae are open-source and freely available on the F3 website. Moreover, the F3 diets can be readily retailored to suit user demands and/or local conditions (i.e., ingredient availability/restrictions). This presentation summarizes completed F3 trials undertaken with five species of cultured and candidate fishes. With reference to eight studies, findings are compared against conventional fishmeal (FM)/fish oil (FO)-based feeds. The described research documents the response of test animals to aquafeeds containing traditional FM/FO alternatives (e.g., soybean meal and poultry by-product meal) as well as innovative ingredients (e.g., microalgae and single-cell proteins). Depending on the species examined, account is given to the overall growth performance, health aspects, and product quality. The F3 trials demonstrate the feasibility of the complete removal of FM/FO from the diets of the tested animals.

Theorizing the Authentic" was intended to be a synthesis of the civic engagement, deliberative democracy, and discourse theory literatures to evaluate and highlight the points I thought were missing or being overlooked or assumed. At the time, I was taking a critical and reflective approach to the issue and as a result specified few answers. My idea was to instead open up the conversations and challenge those of us interested in democratic governance to do the same. As a result, the Miller (2005) and McSwite (2005) responses have done what I asked others to do in my original article: interrogate positions and the implications and oversights that may arise as a result of them. I am thankful to have the opportunity through Disputatio Sine Fine to continue and expand on this conversation. The process of creating my own response has forced me to push beyond my comfort zone as a critical theorist to really construct, develop, and