SUMMARYThis paper proposes an optical deflector using an arrayed waveguide with a staircase-like refractive index profile. This device is an optical deflector using an array waveguide with the refractive index different in each of the component waveguides. Optical deflection is accomplished by application of a voltage. In order to study the deflection properties, a theoretical analysis of the structure, device parameters, deflection angle, and number of resolution points is carried out. As a method of realizing an arrayed waveguide with built-in refractive index steps, selective organometallic vapor phase epitaxial growth is used for fabrication of an array waveguide with multiple quantum well structures. Initial experimental results are reported here.
We have proposed the optical deflector using arrayed waveguides that have different refractive index fabricated by MOVPE selective area growth. By placing the asymmetric width of Si02 mask pattern on both sides of the arrayed waveguide, the thickness of the each waveguide in the array has changed gradually. And the phase change in each arrayed waveguide results the deflection of the light. In this device, we have numerically calculated and fabricated the lxN multi-mode interference (MMI) star coupler using GaInAs/InP MQW structure to input the light equally for each arrayed waveguide. From the numerical calculation, we obtain 0.42dB fluctuation of the output light power in each waveguide in the 1x16 MMI waveguide. In the experiment, we fabricated the 1x16 MMI waveguide using GaInAsfInP MQW structure, and 0.88dB fluctuation of the output light was obtained for the 1 .56.im wavelength input light.And further, we have numerically calculated the wavelength demultiplexing and switching performance in this device. We have obtained the wavelength dependence of output power in 8 arrayed waveguides that have 1 .0% refractive index difference in both sides of the arrayed waveguide. From this analysis, we can exchange the output ports of each wavelength by controlling the refractive index in the arrayed waveguide.
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