Close attention should be given to periodontitis patients who harbor H. pylori in the oral cavity.

Porphyromonas Gingivalis is considered to be an important pathogen in periodontitis. The present study investigates the relationship between serum anti‐P. gingivalis IgG antibody levels and the subgingival distribution of P. gingivalis in patients with periodontitis. We examined subgingival plaque samples from 15 patients with adult periodontitis (AP), 8 patients with early‐onset periodontitis (EOP), and 6 clinically healthy individuals. The samples were collected from periodontal pockets or gingival crevices of all remaining teeth in each subject. The total number of samples was 3,024, ranging from 76 to 120 per subject. Probing depth and bleeding at each sample site were recorded. P. gingivalis was detected using a non‐radioactive whole genomic DNA probe. Serum samples were taken from the subjects, and the serum anti‐P. gingivalis IgG antibody titer was determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). P. gingivalis was recovered from all AP and EOP patients, and from 3 of the 6 healthy subjects. Two significant positive correlations were observed among the subjects. The serum anti‐P. gingivalis IgG antibody titer correlated with detection frequency of P. gingivalis, and the antibody titer correlated with the amount of P. gingivalis detected. Higher levels of P. gingivalis were detected in the EOP group than in the AP group. However, no significant difference was found in the serum IgG titer levels between EOP and AP patients. These findings suggest a direct relationship between the serum anti‐P. gingivalis IgG levels and subgingival P. gingivalis colonization; however, the functional capabilities of IgG antibodies may vary among the various types of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 1997;68:618–625.

These results indicate that initial conventional therapy can eliminate B. forsythus and P. gingivalis, but not A. actinomycetemcomitans. When levels of these bacteria decreased to below-detectable levels, clinical improvement was significant. These results indicate that monitoring levels of these three periodontopathic bacteria may render periodontal therapy more effective and accurate.

Periodontitis, similar to other infectious diseases, is known to progress as chronic inflammation with recurrent acute phases. The purpose of this study was to clarify the microbiological composition of the acute phase and to compare the bacterial flora with that of comparable chronic periodontal pockets. We also evaluated the effect of application of minocycline gel locally on the change in the microflora in the acute pockets. Microbial flora from the subgingival pockets of 28 patients in the acute phase of periodontitis and of 12 patients in a comparable chronic phase as the control were investigated by various bacterial culture methods including TS blood agar and TSBV plates. Minocycline gel was applied to the acute periodontal pockets. Changes in the microbiological proportion and clinical parameters at one week after baseline examination were followed by dark‐field analysis, culture method, and indirect immunofluorescence technique. Characteristic features of bacterial proportions in the acute site were observed as an increase in Bacteroides forsythus. The number of Porphyromonas gingivalis and black pigmented anaerobic rods also increased. Application of minocycline gel in the acute pocket without any debridement produced improvement in clinical symptoms at one week. Black‐pigmented anaerobic rods, P. gingivalis, and B. forsythus decreased significantly at one week after the application. Results indicate that periodontopathic bacteria including B. forsythus and P. gingivalis were predominant in the acute phase of periodontitis and a locally delivered antibiotic may be effective as an alternative modality of treating the acute inflammation. J Periodontol 1996:67:422–427.

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The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the role of Bacteroides forsythus (B. forsythus) in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.Bacterial culture and DNA probe analysis were performed to detect B. forsythus in subgingival plaque samples obtained from healthy control subjects and patients with adult, and/or early-onset periodontitis.Bacterial culture and subculture of type strains and clinical isolates of B. forsythus became easier when N-acetylmuramic acid was applied to trypticase soy blood agar at a concentration of 1mg/l. Affirm DP (R) (Becton Dickinson, USA) was employed for DNA probe analysis, and this system was found to be capable of detecting more than105 bacterial cells. After the standard methods of bacterial culture and the DNA probe method were established, the prevalence of B. forsythus in subgingival plaque from various types of periodontal disease was investigated. The results showed that B. forsythus was seldom detected in the gingival sulcus in the healthy control group, but was detected at a much higher ratio in the pockets ofperiodontitis group by both methods.Furthermore, the prevalence and total cultivable number of B. forsythus weresignificantly correlated with probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and degree of bone loss, suggesting that B. forsythus is plays a large role in the pathogenesis ofperiodontitis

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