Guided implant site preparation generates higher temperature of the local bone than conventional drilling, not exceeding the threshold for thermal bone necrosis. Although saline at room temperature provides sufficient heat control during drilling, cooled saline is more effective regardless the use of surgical drill guide.
Within the limits of this study it was concluded that periodontitis may add to the inflammatory burden of the individual and may result in increased risk of atherosclerosis based on serum C-reactive protein concentrations.
An increased knowledge of specific cellular response and function has led to the development of numerous treatment modalities based on the utilization of growth factors. The present controlled clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in combination with HA and beta-TCP in treatment of human class II furcation defects and to compare it with HA and beta-TCP alone. A total of 24 interproximal defects in 24 chronic periodontitis patients were included in the study. The test group was treated by an open flap debridement in combination with autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in combination with hydroxyapatite beta tricalcium phosphate, while the control group was treated by an open flap debridement (OFD) along with hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate. At 12 months, both the test and control groups showed significant mean PPD reduction and CAL gain. There was statistically significant (p<0.05) greater probing depth reduction of 1.50 mm for the test group compared to the control. The mean Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gains of 3.0 ± 0.95 mm was observed in the test group, while the control group displayed mean CAL gains of 2.00 ± 0.85 mm. The observed differences between baseline CAL and 12 months CAL were found to be statistically significant in both the groups (p<0.05). The mean CAL gain observed in the test group was significantly greater than the control group. Horizontal probing depth were significantly reduced in test group (3.33 ± 0.83 mm) compared to control group (1.75 ± 1.21 mm). Frequency analysis of furcation changes revealed complete furcation closure in 50% sites in test groups than control group which showed only 16.66% sites of complete resolution of furcation defects. The treatment with PRF in combination with HA and β-TCP group resulted in a significantly higher CAL gain, PPD and HPD reduction in comparison with hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate.
Excessive gingival display (EGD) resulting in a “gummy smile” is a major esthetic concern with ramifications in an individual's personal and social life. Numerous treatment modalities have been used for the correction of EGD. The present case report describes the successful treatment of a young woman with an excess gingival display caused by a hyperactive upper lip and a mild vertical maxillary excess that was treated with a laser-assisted lip repositioning surgical technique accompanied by gingival recontouring. The procedure was accomplished by laser-assisted removal, through scraping a strip of mucosa from the maxillary buccal vestibule and suturing the mucosa of the lip to the mucogingival junction. This technique resulted in shortened vestibule and restricted the muscle pull of the elevator muscles of the lip, thereby reducing gingival display when the patient smiles. Laser-assisted lip repositioning surgery can be a viable, minimally invasive alternative to orthognathic surgery.
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