Stress and Periodontal Disease

Wasu, Shilpa; Wasu, Prashant; Thakare, Kaustubh Suresh; Umale, Bhagyashri; Kumar, Amit

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10051-0104

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Dubar et al found higher levels of T. forsythia and C. rectus in stressed subjects compared to non-stressed subjects (9). Other studies have shown similar results, suggesting a close link between stress and the immune system, and increased levels of salivary cortisol (1,5). The relationship between gingival inflammation, periodontal pocket depth, financial status of the study population and stress was also demonstrated.…”

Section: Reduced Body Resistancesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Recent studies confirm the fact that the concentrations of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, etc.] and cortisol in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are higher in people showing signs of depression (2,4,5). High levels of cortisol can have a particularly negative impact on periodontal tissues, due to the extremely rapid exchange of some components of inflammation.…”

Section: Endocrine Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship of stress with some pathological conditions of the oral mucosa -for example, canker sores -has been documented in the literature (2,4). Also, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is the most studied periodontal disease in relation to psychosocial stressors (4,5,11). NUG has been suggested to have a psychogenic origin (1,2,4,5,8).…”

Section: Stress and Development Of Necrotic-ulcerative Gingivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other psychosocial stressors are the well-known behavioral and emotional responses to the common consequences of periodontal disease, which include pain conditions, bleeding, unpleasant tastes and odors from the oral cavity, and unaesthetic appearance of the teeth and adjacent soft supporting structures (5). Other signs and symptoms, such as abscesses and intense pain, loose teeth, and the ever-present threat of tooth loss at an early or adult age, are also often factors that serve as potentially powerful negative emotional stressors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the treatment of periodontitis is associated with pain and discomfort, takes time and resources. All of these disease-related perceptions, concerns, and emotions can themselves constitute and act as an important set of stressors that can trigger stress system responses that are further detrimental to periodontal health (2,4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The significance of stress for the development of periodontal disease

Mlachkova¹,

Dosseva-Panova²

2022

MedInform

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The term "stress" is derived from the Latin word "stringere" which means "strained". Today, stress is classified as a "risk factor" for the development of periodontitis. Stress is seen as a cognitive perception of uncontrollability and/or unpredictability, i.e. expressed in physiological and behavioral response. Therefore, stress can be seen as a process with psychological and physiological components. Already in 1976, Selye defined stress as a state of the body's reaction to physical and mental forces beyond adaptive capacity, which leads to adaptation diseases and ultimately to exhaustion and death. It recognizes stress factors that act and cause positive changes in the body (e.g. pleasant and positive emotions) leading to a state of response that is defined as "eustress", or stressors that can be negative and cause sensations, which threaten homeostasis by triggering pain, discomfort and physiological pathology. The author defined the state of negative response as "distress".It is known that stress is a response to the action of constant adverse stimuli. At one point or another, every individual can suffer from stress. Stress is compatible with health because it is necessary to cope with the challenges of everyday life. Problems for the individual begin when the stress response is inappropriate to the intensity of the stressor present.Psychological stress can regulate the cellular immune response. Communication between the central nervous system and the immune system occurs through a complex network of two-way signals linking the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Stress disrupts the homeostasis of this network, which in turn alters the immune system's response. The direct link between periodontal disease and stress remains to be proven, partly due to the lack of animal models and the difficulty in quantifying the strength and duration of stress, as well as the presence of many factors influencing the severity of periodontal disease. According to Breivik et al, stress is not what happens to an individual, but how that individual responds to what happens. They define stress as a psychophysiological response of the body to the threat caused by stressors.

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Section: Reduced Body Resistancesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Endocrine Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stress and Development Of Necrotic-ulcerative Gingivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The significance of stress for the development of periodontal disease

Mlachkova¹,

Dosseva-Panova²

2022

MedInform

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Effects of Stress on Periodontium

et al. 2024

IJFMR

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Periodontal diseases are common chronic inflammatory diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms colonizing the subgingival area and inducing local and systemic elevations of pro-inflammatory cytokines resulting in tissue destruction. One of them, psychological stress, has been proposed to have a negative impact on the results of periodontal therapy. Patients with periodontal illnesses have higher levels of stress markers in their blood and saliva. These stress markers can affect the course of the disease by altering the inflammatory response and changing the makeup of the dental biofilm, among other processes. This review seeks to shed light on the connection between periodontal diseases and psychological stress.

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Gingival Disease as a Symptom of Stress

Tsobgny Nadia-Flore

2024

Dentistry

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Stress has become the health epidemic of the twenty-first century; its burden we faced is due to social and professional pressure (spouse death, marital separation and loss of job). If stress is supposed to help an organism to go through daily issue and particular emotional issues, it can be a source of health damage, when sustained. Negative effects of stress can go from change in life style to cardiovascular events and cognitive disorders. Periodontal health can also be affected. During chronic stress, T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes are responsible for promoting the destruction of periodontal tissue. Wrong stress management is characterized by changes in life style like poor oral hygiene, smoking, diet modification and parafunctions. This contributes to increase dental biofilm and worsen periodontitis. The most clinically relevant effects are wound healing and response to periodontal treatment. Suppression of immune response components during stress prevents the elimination of damaged tissues as well as any new tissue buildup. Moreover, peripheral vasoconstriction and low oxygen resulting from excessive catecholamine during stress compromise wound healing and response to periodontal treatment. This highlights the importance of knowledge about psychological state of patients with periodontitis and the need for coping strategies’ improvement in an emotionally stressed patient to expect good response to treatment.

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Stress and Periodontal Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

The significance of stress for the development of periodontal disease

The significance of stress for the development of periodontal disease

Effects of Stress on Periodontium

Gingival Disease as a Symptom of Stress

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