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Highlights• A third of American adults self-identify as reducing their meat consumption.• One percent of the American adult population identifies as a vegetarian.• A vegetarian diet had the strongest lived dietary experiences.• The degree and type of meat restriction impacts lived dietary experiences. AbstractThere are a variety of approaches to addressing meat overconsumption including forms of meat restriction that vary by the degree of reductions and the type of meat reduced. This study examines three such diets-a vegetarian diet, a reducedmeat diet, and a chicken-free diet-with a focus on the differences in the lived dietary experiences of their adherents. These lived experiences are operationalized using a variety of measures: satisfaction with food-related life, social ties, convenience, social/personal life, health, cost, motivation, identity, perception of prevalence rates, length of diet adherence, and the theory of planned behavior (intentions, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms). The data comes from an online survey of a cross-sectional, census-balanced sample of more than 30,0000 U.S. residents aged 18+ years sourced from Nielsen's Harris Panel. The results showed meat reducers to be a larger group than previously suspected, with a third of American adults self-identifying as reducing their meat consumption, compared to one percent each who identify as a vegetarian or chicken avoider. The findings also demonstrated that a vegetarian diet had the strongest lived dietary experiences among American adults who are currently eating one of the meat-restricted diets. This research speaks to how the degree and type of meat restriction can impact an individual's lived experience with their diet.

PurposeMeat consumption has a variety of implications in society. While various types of meat-restricted diets exist to address this, not enough is known about how the average meat consumer views different avenues to lessening their intake. In response, this study aims to assess US omnivores’ impressions of three meat-restricted diets.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was administered to a cross-sectional, census-balanced sample from Nielsen of 30,000+ US adults. Omnivores (N = 928) were randomized into one of the three conditions where they were asked about their perceptions of a vegetarian diet, a reduced-meat diet or a chicken-free diet as individuals not currently following that dietary pattern.FindingsThe findings showed that omnivores had a more favorable perception of a reduced-meat diet on a greater number of study variables as compared to the vegetarian or chicken-free diets. The research also demonstrated that a majority of omnivores were in the precontemplation stage of cognitive change, suggesting that most American omnivores are not actively demonstrating a readiness to alter their meat consumption in the ways presented.Originality/valueThis research is the first to examine the comparative trends around these three diets among omnivores. It also speaks to how the desirability of meat restriction varies by type of approach, i.e. elimination or reduction, and if the latter, what type. The findings may be of relevance for efforts to reduce global meat consumption for ethical, health, or environmental reasons.

Background In 2019, Canada's Food Guide underwent its first transformation in over a decade. The change received considerable attention given the increased focus on plant‐based proteins and the decision to eliminate the milk and alternatives food group. Yet little is known about health professionals' views of these updates. In response, the present study examined Canadian dietitians' attitudes and behaviours towards the guide's expanded plant‐based recommendations. Methods A pan‐Canadian cross‐sectional online survey was administered from January to March 2020 to currently practicing registered dietitians. The study was pre‐registered, piloted and received ethical approval. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed and open‐text responses underwent thematic analysis. Results In total, 411 dietitians from 10 provinces and various work settings participated. Most dietitians (82.8%) consider the food guide's recommendation to choose protein foods that come from plants more often is evidence‐based. Compared to its predecessor, dietitians encourage their patients/clients to choose protein foods that come from plants (p < 0.001) and non‐dairy sources of calcium (p < 0.001) significantly more frequently under the new guide. A slight majority of dietitians (57.7%) agree with the decision to omit the standalone milk and alternatives group in favour of bringing dairy into the protein category. Conclusions Canadian dietitians generally look favourably upon the new plant‐based recommendations and have adjusted their nutrition counselling in response. The findings are considered to be the first to characterise how dietitians view changes to the plant‐based content of one of the most recognisable diet‐related educational tools in Canada.

Background: An increasing number of children have complex care needs (CCN) that impact their health and cause limitations in their lives. More of these youth are transitioning from paediatric to adult healthcare due to complex conditions being increasingly associated with survival into adulthood. Typically, the transition process is plagued by barriers, which can lead to adverse health consequences. There is an increased need for transitional care interventions when moving from paediatric to adult healthcare. To date, literature associated with this process for youth with CCN and their families has not been systematically examined.Objectives: The objective of this scoping review is to map the range of programmes in the literature that support youth with CCN and their families as they transition from paediatric to adult healthcare. Methods:The review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews. A search, last run in April 2021, located published articles in PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO and Social Work Abstracts databases.