Very few studies can be found on the relationship between orthorexia nervosa and vegetarianism. Some scientists believe that vegetarians are particularly prone to orthorexia nervosa. In addition, it has been suggested by other researchers that vegetarianism can be used to mask eating disorders, as it allows these affected individuals to avoid certain products or situations related to food. The direction of cause and effect cannot be determined.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as human herpesvirus 4, is a member of the Herpesviridae virus family. EBV infection can cause infectious mononucleosis (IM) in the lytic phase of EBV’s life cycle. Past EBV infection is associated with lymphomas, and may also result in certain allergic and autoimmune diseases. Although potential mechanisms of autoimmune diseases have not been clearly elucidated, both genetic and environmental factors, such as infectious agents, are considered to be responsible for their development. In addition, EBV modifies the host immune response. The worldwide prevalence of autoimmune diseases shows how common this pathogen is. Normally, the virus stays in the body and remains dormant throughout life. However, this is not always the case, and a serious EBV-related illness may develop later in life. This explains the chronic course of autoimmune diseases that is often accompanied by exacerbations of symptoms. Based on the present studies, EBV infection can cause autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren’s syndrome, and autoimmune hepatitis. The EBV has also been reported in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Although EBV is not the only agent responsible for the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases, it can be considered a contributory factor.

StreszczenieArsen to pierwiastek kojarzony głównie z działaniem toksycznym. Należy jednak podkreślić, że mimo toksyczności jest on stosowany w medycynie. W przeszłości arsen i jego związki wykorzystywano w leczeniu m.in. cukrzycy, łuszczycy, kiły, owrzodzeń skóry i chorób stawów. Obecnie stosowany jest w onkologii, głównie u pacjentów z ostrą białaczką promielocytową. Z jednej strony więc arsen został uznany przez Międzynarodową Agencję Badań nad Rakiem (International Agency for Research on Cancer -IARC) za pierwiastek o udowodnionym epidemiologicznie rakotwórczym działaniu, a z drugiej -jest wykorzystywany w terapii chorób onkologicznych. Na działanie arsenu człowiek jest narażony także w codziennym życiu, ponieważ jest to substancja szeroko rozpowszechniona w przyrodzie. Występuje w glebie i wodzie, co skutkuje przedostawaniem się tego związku do pożywienia. Długotrwała ekspozycja na arsen i jego związki może doprowadzić np. do zmian w mięśniu sercowym lub uszkodzenia wątroby. Z tego powodu ważne jest prowadzenie monitoringu zawartości tej substancji w glebie, wodzie i pożywieniu, a także możliwości narażenia zawodowego. Niezbędne jest także ustalenie norm zawartości tego pierwiastka (zarówno zawartości całkowitej, jak i jego nieorganicznej formy) w pożywieniu. Niniejszy artykuł jest przeglądem publikacji znajdujących się w bazach medycznych PubMed oraz Polskiej Bibliografii Lekarskiej, które ukazały się do 2015 r. oraz dotyczyły arsenu i jego związków. W artykule przedstawiono najważniejsze informacje dotyczące arsenu -zarówno jako trucizny, jak i leku. Med. Pr. 2016;67(1):89-96 Słowa kluczowe: arsen, trójtlenek arsenu, choroby nowotworowe, trucizna, lek, apoptoza Abstract Arsenic (As) is commonly known as a poison. Only a few people know that As has also been widely used in medicine. In the past years As and its compounds were used as a medicine for the treatment of such diseases as diabetes, psoriasis, syphilis, skin ulcers and joint diseases. Nowadays As is also used especially in the treatment of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has recognized arsenic as an element with carcinogenic effect evidenced by epidemiological studies, but as previously mentioned it is also used in the treatment of neoplastic diseases. This underlines the specificity of the arsenic effects. Arsenic occurs widely in the natural environment, for example, it is present in soil and water, which contributes to its migration to food products. Long exposure to this element may lead to liver damages and also to changes in myocardium. Bearing in mind that such serious health problems can occur, monitoring of the As presence in the environmental media plays a very important role. In addition, the occupational risk of As exposure in the workplace should be identified and checked. Also the standards for As presence in food should be established. This paper presents a review of the 2015 publications based on the Medical database like PubMed and Polish Medical Bibliography. It in...

It has been observed that these highly sensitive behaviours towards healthy eating are very common in both surveyed groups, however with a stronger tendency among the students of dietetics.

Definitely more body posture abnormalities are found in the group of obese children. Children use electronic devices regardless of weight. It is worth to expand educational activities with programs that improve the quality of body posture through a daily change of abnormal patterns.

No abstract

A gluten-free diet is a diet very popular, though it raises a number of misconceptions. This is currently the only effective treatment for diseases caused by reaction to gluten. Some experts suggest that it may yield positive effects in some patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis and other neurological and psychiatric diseases. There are some considerations as to the possibility of using it in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, Addison’s disease, diabetes type 1. Despite numerous anecdotal evidence, there is no evidence that the gluten-free diet in athletes increases results. A properly balanced gluten-free diet is wholesome, but there is the possibility of mistakes made by those who use it without proper accuracy. The requirement for such a nutritional intervention is to make a diagnostics for celiac disease.

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine dealing with the functioning of endocrine glands. Theain role of the endocrine glands is to control various functions and to adopt internal environment to changes in the external environment. Glands manage to do this by regulating the metabolism of target cells by hormones. One of the earliest connections with endocrinology is found in theHippocratic humoral hypothesis dating about 400 years BC. The author of the first endocrinological observations was Aristotle, who noticed changes in behavior and appearance in castrated roosters. In the Middle Ages winners of battles ate their enemies organs, such as the heart, brain, or gonads, believing that they were a source of special power.However, the last two centuries were a time of intensive development of the research in this field. Certainly, we can now look to the future awaiting the next breakthroughs that will revolutionize today's perception of endocrinology.