The aims of this study were to investigate the presence of different esterase activities in plasma and liver for Japanese quail and to combine determination of both carboxylesterase and cholinesterase as biochemical biomarker in order to identify the effects of carbamate and organophosphate compounds exposure. Carboxylesterase exhibits larger sensitivity to carbamate and organophosphate compounds than to cholinesterase and is present at higher levels. This permitted nature and distribution of carboxylesterase or cholinesterase to be measured. One predominant toxicological form of enzyme level constant in its patterns of motivation and inhibition with cholinesterase was identified in plasma with an apparent Michaelis constant for butyrylthiocholine iodide of 0.394 mM. Carboxylesterase activity in liver was considered by its preferential hydrolysis of the S-phenyl thioacetate. A concentration dependent decrease of carboxylesterase and cholinesterase has demonstrated during in vitro incubation of malathion, parathion, and trichlorfon in the range 0.125–2 mM, while with methomyl was in the range 0.25–4 mM. When quail (n = 15) was exposed orally for 48 h to concentrations of carbamate or organophosphate compounds of 3–200 mg/kg, the percentage inhibition of cholinesterase was in each case larger than that of carboxylesterase and reached statistical significance (P < 0.05) at lower concentrations.
This study deals with the measurement of acetylcholinesterase activities in the plasma and brain of 8 rabbits using modified Michael and Ellman methods. The highest values of acetylcholinesterase activities in plasma and brain were 0.37 and 0.25, respectively, when the modified Michel method was employed. In the case of using Ellman method, the highest values of cholinesterase activities in plasma and brain were 0.89 and 0.43, respectively. In order to determine the efficiency and legitimacy of the measured result, the coefficient of variation was calculated. For the modified Michael method, the coefficients of variation in plasma and brain were 17.78 % and 19.37%, respectively. However, in the case of using Ellman method, the coefficients of variation in plasma and brain were 21.72% and 41.21%, respectively. These results were consistent with those reported in the previous studies.
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