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This study emphasis on a novel fabrication technique to fabricate hybrid cermets using Al 6061 alloy with nano sized SiC, Al2O3 and TiO2 as reinforcements. During the fabrication process, the melted pool was ultrasonicated to disperse nanoparticles at 20 kHz for 5 min and pressure of 50 MPa was applied to eliminate voids. The influence of nanoparticles on physical, thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile, wear and thermal studies. Cermets with Al2O3 reinforcements showed higher mechanical performance compared to Al alloy. This enhancement could be related to the uniform distribution of Al2O3 with refinement in grain size of Al alloy which was observed via surface analysis. The morphological studies provided justifiable evidence of homogeneous distribution, nominal cluster along with agglomeration and cavities shrinking on the cermets. The agglomeration of nanoparticles along with SiC protected the cermet in corrosion and abrasive wear by ~ 97% and ~ 71%. The study evidenced the novel fabrication method using ultrasonic rheo-squeeze casting led to improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of the hybrid cermets. Graphical abstract

Advances in the nanotechnology have been actively applied to the field of aerospace engineering where there is a constant necessity of high durable material with low density and better thermo-mechanical properties. Over the past decade, carbon nanotubes-based composites are widely utilised owing to its fascinating properties resulting in series of multidisciplinary industrial applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are rolled up sheets of carbon in nanoscale which offers excellent thermal and mechanical properties at lower density which makes them suitable reinforcement for composites in aerospace applications. Owing to its high Young’s modulus and chemically inert behaviour, CNTs are forefront of material research with applications varying from water purification to aerospace applications where applicational sector remains a mystery. Although there has been numerous research on the CNTs-based materials, there are only limited studies focusing on its utilisation for the field of aerospace engineering. As a result, in this review, we intend to cover the processing and synthesis techniques, thermal and mechanical properties as well as few industrial applications of CNTs-reinforced ceramic composites. Further, any potential development in additive manufacturing-based technique for fabricating CNT/ceramics and its applications in aerospace industries have been highlighted.