Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-reinforced ceramic nanocomposites for aerospace applications: a review

Abstract

Advances in the nanotechnology have been actively applied to the field of aerospace engineering where there is a constant necessity of high durable material with low density and better thermo-mechanical properties. Over the past decade, carbon nanotubes-based composites are widely utilised owing to its fascinating properties resulting in series of multidisciplinary industrial applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are rolled up sheets of carbon in nanoscale which offers excellent thermal and mechanical properties at lower density which makes them suitable reinforcement for composites in aerospace applications. Owing to its high Young’s modulus and chemically inert behaviour, CNTs are forefront of material research with applications varying from water purification to aerospace applications where applicational sector remains a mystery. Although there has been numerous research on the CNTs-based materials, there are only limited studies focusing on its utilisation for the field of aerospace engineering. As a result, in this review, we intend to cover the processing and synthesis techniques, thermal and mechanical properties as well as few industrial applications of CNTs-reinforced ceramic composites. Further, any potential development in additive manufacturing-based technique for fabricating CNT/ceramics and its applications in aerospace industries have been highlighted.

Scalable methods for directional assembly of fillers in polymer composites: Creating pathways for improving material properties

“…Polymer composites are multi-component materials, where the inclusion of reinforcing and/or functional agents into a polymer matrix leads to property enhancement. [1,2] The science, technology, and engineering of these composite materials are essential for a wide range of applications, including biomedicine, [3][4][5][6] aerospace, [7][8][9][10][11][12] energy storage, [13][14][15][16][17][18] water remediation, [19][20][21][22][23] commodity plastics, [24][25][26][27] and high-performance coatings. [28][29][30] Specifically, reinforcing agents (i.e., fillers) enable the attainment of various desired performances in resulting composites, such as mechanical, [31][32][33][34] thermal, [35,36] electrical, [37][38][39] and barrier/transport-related properties.…”

The effect of boron nitride nanosheets on the mechanical and thermal properties of aluminum nitride ceramics

“…Moreover, when superabundant graphene is added to AlN, the relative density and hardness of the composites will be significantly reduced, 15 and its application will be affected. Therefore, although adding some carbon materials (e.g., SWCNT) into AlN can effectively improve the mechanical properties of composites, it is very meaningful to study other AlN matrix composites 13,14,16,17 …”

“…Therefore, although adding some carbon materials (e.g., SWCNT) into AlN can effectively improve the mechanical properties of composites, it is very meaningful to study other AlN matrix composites. 13,14,16,17 Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs), stripped from h-BN, possess a good two-dimensional lamellar structure, similar to graphene nanosheets. 18,19 But unlike graphene, except for excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, BNNSs also have brilliant electrical insulating property.…”

Mathematical modeling and simulation of porosity on thermomechanical properties of UHTCs under hypersonic conditions

“…Ultrahigh temperature ceramics (UHTCs) are a class of materials with melting points exceeding 3000°C which could be utilized for applications such as thermal protection systems and refractory applications 4,5 . The superiority of diborides compared to carbides in thermal conductivity makes them candidate materials for the thermal protection systems in hypersonic applications 6,7 . However, the diborides of Zr and Hf suggested that their insufficient thermal shock and oxidation resistance at high temperature pose a threat which could lead to material failure 8,9 .…”

“…4,5 The superiority of diborides compared to carbides in thermal conductivity makes them candidate materials for the thermal protection systems in hypersonic applications. 6,7 However, the diborides of Zr and Hf suggested that their insufficient thermal shock and oxidation resistance at high temperature pose a threat which could lead to material failure. 8,9 Thus, recent research has focused on improving the oxidation resistance of UHTCs by incorporating different high oxidation resistance materials into composites structures.…”