Hungary was one of the main countries in the world as regards the yields reached in maize production. The research was conducted to appraise the effect of NPK fertilizer on traits of different hybrid maize (Fao410, Fao340) at the University of Debrecen and our experiment was carried out in Centre for Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Sciences at Látókép in 2018. NPK fertilizer was applied in six different combinations (0-0-0 control, 30-23-27 first dose, 60-46-54 second dose, 90-69-81 third dose, 120-92-108 fourth dose and 150-115-135 fifth dose kg · ha−1). The result of compound variance showed the level of fertilizer and interaction between fertilizer and genotypes were significant in one percent. Effect of genotypes was a variable level of fertilizer and providing a different yield in the level of fertilizer. The weight of seeds in ear and weight of ear were important traits in the average yield on Fao410 hybrid. Also, the fourth of the fertilizer level was the best level of fertilizer for yield on Fao410 and Fao340. the weight of fresh plant and weight of seeds in ear were highest relation with yield in H340 hybrid. The results of this research can successfully contribute to the science of maize cultivars, the given adapted hybrid to the discovery of their traits and to an application of fertilizers.
In Hungary, soil plays a fundamental role in agricultural production. The main aim of this research was to track the spatial-temporal variations in certain soil properties (soil organic carbon [So], pH, NO 3 À , P, K, Mn, Zn and Cu) between 2000 and 2010 in 55 different farms in the eastern part of Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar region). Soil data were collected from the Soil Conservation Information and Monitoring System. After 10 years of agricultural activities results reveal that the means of pH, So, NO 3 À , and Zn were higher in 2010 than in 2000. Indeed, of nine studied soil characteristics only two (So%, NO 3 À ) showed a significant change according to the Wilcoxon T-test. The average pH_H 2 O increased by 0.13 and reached 7.31 ± 0.12 in 2010. The average NO 3 À (ppm) increased by 4.75 ppm and reached 19.9 ppm in 2010. For other soil nutrients, available P, K and Mg decreased slightly, while Mn decreased from 269 ± 25 ppm to 236 ± 21 ppm in 2010. Interestingly, Zn and Cu showed no change between 2000 and 2010. However, the inverse distance weighting (IDW) showed that the central part of the study area is more prone to changes due to intensive agricultural activities. The output of this research could assist decision makers when making soil conservation plans within the study area.
Over the last few years, warming of the atmospheric layer near Earth's surface is increasingly experienced and researchers have also established that concentration of numerous greenhouse gases have risen over the past two centuries value. Change is basically a legitimate process - considering atmospheric concentration as well - but the change experienced during the past centuries could not have become this critical without the contribution of human activity. Due to the nature of the greenhouse effect, the result of a very fragile, complex process is experienced currently on Earth, which can be significantly unbalanced even by a slight change. Carbon dioxide emitted from the soil is involved in the global cycle and has an impact on the greenhouse effect. The rise in soil respiration may result in the further intensification of warming. In the scope of the present study, it was examined how carbon dioxide emissions of the soil evolve over a day. The results have been established based on the comparison of the effects of different parts of the day, tillage methods and irrigation.
Book-18 th Alps-Adria Scientific Workshop
In the scope of the article, agricultural biogas plants which operate within the region have been analysed together with their linked livestock plants. The study attempts to describe the current condition and future opportunities of the sites. It also covers the description of energy production/use efficiency. The study contains the list of factors determining the economic operation of biogas plants. In the course of the analysis, types, amount and quality of energy produced of different raw materials have been determined within the decentralised energy production.
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