Os antimicrobianos são amplamente utilizados na clínica veterinária e o uso indiscriminado destas drogas contribui com o aumento progressivo da resistência bacteriana. A resistência aos antibióticos é um sério problema do ponto de vista clínico e de saúde pública, devido ao tratamento dos animais tornar seus produtos e derivados fonte para resistência bacteriana na espécie humana. A origem da resistência pode ser genética ou não e independente de qual seja a forma de maior importância neste processo, o fato é que o número de novas bactérias resistentes e patogênicas para os animais e humanos cresce mais rápido do que a capacidade dos laboratórios e indústrias produzirem novas drogas.
To assess the potency of the PPD-mallein produced in Brazil, five animals were from a property identified as a focus of glanders. These animals had suggestive clinical signs of the disease and the other five, from a property free from glanders, showed no clinical signs and were serology negative (control group). PPD-mallein from Burkholderia mallei was obtained by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid and ammonium sulfate. The animals were inoculated according to the criteria established by Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) for the diagnosis of glanders. After 48 h of application of PPD-mallein, there was swelling in the area of application, presence of ocular secretion and tears in sick animals. The control group showed no inflammatory reaction at the site of inoculation of PPD-mallein. This immunogen produced in Brazil and still being tested was effective for identifying the infection in true positive animals and excluding the truly negative ones, being a new possibility for diagnosis and control of glanders
The diarrhea in calves, caused by Salmonella spp., provocates serious economic damage to cattle farming. This study aimed was to verify the occurrence of diarrhea and the isolation of strains of Salmonella spp. in diarrheal feces of calves from farms located in the Sertão from the state of Alagoas municipalities, and to characterize the in vitro resistance profile of Salmonella spp. isolated against conventional antimicrobials. The study was carried out with 431 calves from 10 to 90 days old. Of the total number of animals evaluated, 111 presented a diarrhea table, being analysed 111 samples of diarrhoeal faeces. The samples were sown in enrichment broths and selective culture media and the phenotypic and molecular characterization were performed. Among the animals evaluated, 25.75% (111/431) had diarrhea. The presence of Salmonella spp. was evidenced in 13.33% (2/15) of the studied establishments. Have been isolated 2.71% (3/111) strains of Salmonella spp. and have all been shown to be resistant to Cefotaxime and sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Norfloxacin. Salmonella spp. and other infectious agents associated with diarrhea were confirmed in calves in the Sertão Alagoas mesoregion. The antimicrobial potential of the tested drugs reinforces the importance of their responsible and judicious use in the treatment of Salmonellosis, not being indicated the antibiotic therapy with Cefotaxima. The treatment based on Gentamicin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin in the treatment of these animals, is recommended.
Glanders is an infectious and often lethal zoonotic disease of equines caused by the bacterium, Burkholderia mallei. This condition is characterized by respiratory, lymphatic, and cutaneous lesions. In this study, we monitored the development of clinical symptoms in animals naturally infected with B. mallei across different equine breeds and also isolated and characterized the disease-causing bacteria. We studied two official glanders outbreaks in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. During the outbreaks, we performed clinical and immunological follow-up of the animals, as well as euthanasia and anatomopathological examination. We also collected diagnostic materials for isolative, phenotypic, molecular, and biological testing. We did not observe any clinical patterns of glanders among animals infected with the same strain of B. mallei. Based on our results, we suggest that early diagnosis of infection should be made through highly sensitive and specific immunoassays. In asymptomatic but positive test cases, we confirmed the importance of conducting pathological, microbiological, and molecular examinations.
Objetivou-se elaborar iogurte de leite de cabra com adição das geleias de abacaxi (Ananas comosus) e noni (Morinda citrifolia) e avaliar os parâmetros físico-químico, microbiológico e sensorial do produto. Foram desenvolvidos cinco tratamentos do iogurte de leite de cabra com diferentes concentrações das geleias de abacaxi e noni (0, 0,5, 1,25, 2,5 e 5%). Nos tratamentos foram determinados a composição físico-química (umidade, cinzas, lactose, acidez, pH, gordura, proteína), microbiológicas (coliformes a 45ºC, mesófilos, psicrotróficos, salmonella spp., e staphylococcus coagulase positiva), e em relação as análises sensoriais, 20 (vinte) provadores treinados realizaram testes como: análise descritiva quantitativa (ADQ), teste de intenção de compra e aceitação. Não houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entres os tratamentos para as variáveis físico-químicas, mostrando-se que os atributos pH, acidez titulável, gordura e proteína, assim como o perfil microbiológico encontravam-se dentro dos padrões vigentes pela legislação. Em relação a avaliação sensorial a amostra com 5% das geleias de abacaxi e noni, obteve uma boa aceitação pelos provadores. Conclui-se que o tratamento com 5% das geleias tem se destacado dos demais, caracterizando-se como um produto inovador para comercialização dos derivados lácteos de origem caprina.
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