In arranging the accumulated collections of South American Snakes in the Field Museum of Natural History, we find two apparently new species of Coral Snakes (Micrurus), from Peru. In addition to these, there are two very diverse specimens of Micrurus tschudii, from the same country, which merit description. The latter specimens are due to the field work in western Peru of W. H. Osgood and M. P. Anderson in 1912 and 1914. One of the new forms was collected by Edmund Heller in the course of the Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Peru in 1922-1923. The second novelty is based on a specimen received in 1923 as a gift from Mr. Axel A. Olsson, Chief Geologist for the London-Pacific Petrol Company at Negritos, Peru.
However, because of ecological adjustments or for obscure reasons, the largest number of species does not always indicate the region of origin.Examples of medium-specialized genera are Glyptotermes, Coptotermes, Schedorhinotermes, Microcerotermes, Amitermes, Termes, Odontotermes, s. str., and Nasutitermes. It may also be concluded that some ancestral medium-specialized genera now extinct were replaced by specialized endemics. Modern relatives of these unknown medium-specialized genera are Promirotermes, Paracapritermes, Capritermes, Angular iter mes, and Subulitermes. In some instances an ancestral genus may be very close to or identical with the modern relative. For instance, Schedorhinotermes is probably very similar to the ancestral genus that gave rise to the neotropical specialized genera, Rhinotermes, Dolichorhinotermes, and Acorhinotermes, and might thus be considered a medium-specialized genus that was eliminated in the Neotropical region by its own specialized descendants.Specialized endemic genera are those that arose from mediumspecialized genera. These genera are thought to be confined to one region because of climatic or geological barriers at the time of their origin.
This study examines twenty-four cases of amok, believed the largest number of cases ever collected. They were observed in Sarawak, East Malaysia. They occurred in all indigenous groups in Sarawak, excluding the Chinese, such as Malay, Sea Dayak, Land Dayak, Kayan, Punan and Melanau at frequencies more or less following the proportion of these groups in the total population. No differences were found according to religion, the Malay being Muslim and the other groups either predominantly Christian like the Iban or animistic. Only slight diminution in the frequency was observed from 1954 to 1968. The education level of the amok runners was much lower than that of the average population. The weapons used were those immediately at hand be it parang (short sword), ax, sticks, knives, guns, bare hands or a lorry. The classical four stages were largely present: (a) brooding and withdrawal, (b) homicidal paroxysm, (c) continuation of homicidal behaviour until killed, restrained or falling into stupor of exhaustion, (d) complete or partial amnesia. While in 14 no motive could be ascertained, insult, jealousy and paranoid ideation was present in the others. Both family history of mental illness and personal psychiatric history were predominant. All cases fell into accepted diagnostic categories from organic and endogenous psychosis to neurosis and behaviour disorder.
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