Formaldehyde (FA) is toxic over a range of doses and of particular concern to anatomists and medical students on laboratory use. FA induces several characteristics of neurotoxicity in addition to systemic effects. Therefore, to know the toxic effects of FA on brain and lungs, mice were collected from international center for diarrheal disease research. They were divided into four groups i.e. control, inhalation, oral and intraperitoneal. The inhalation, oral and intraperitoneal exposure groups further divided into three subgroups which were subjected to exposure of FA daily for 30 days in case of inhalation and oral groups and 10 days in intraperitoneal group for acute toxic effects. Morphological study showed gross abnormalities i.e. congestion on lungs. But no gross abnormal features observed on brain. In 5 ppm treated inhaled group, lungs tissue revealed hemorrhages. In the inhaled groups, brain tissue showed degenerating neurons with either pyknotic or karyorrhectic nuclei are gradually increased in highest concentration group. These data supports the view that FA has adverse effects on the morphology of brain and lungs.
Formaldehyde (FA) is a very reactive one-carbon compound, can react with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids which are cellular components.FA induces cellular toxic effects in the liver by damaging hepatic parenchyma and impairment of functions. This study was carried out to evaluatethe serum biochemical changes and cytotoxic effects on liver in Swiss albino mice caused by FA toxicity. For this purpose, mice were divided into threeequal groups i.e. Control, oral andintraperitoneal.Oral and intraperitonealgroups were further divided into three subgroups which were subjected to exposure of FA for 30 and 10 consecutive days respectively. After exposure, blood and liver samples were collected and analyzed for biochemical and morphological studies. The serum biochemical parameters like Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) were increased significantly (P‹0.05) in mice after FA exposure. The anatomical results revealed gross morphological changes i.e. congestion and petechial hemorrhages on the liver. Histologically, the liver showedscattered lymphocytic infiltration, dilatation of sinusoids, necrosis and degeneration of parenchymatous cells in orally exposed mice (10 mg/kg) and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration, necrosis were seen in intraperitoneallyFA injectedmice at the rate of 7 and 10 mg/kg body weight.All these findings revealed that, FA depending on specific dose leads to an irritant toxic effects on the liver of mice.
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