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Chlorhexidine is a widely used, di-cationic, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent and losartan is a well-known, anionic-specific antagonist of AT1 renin-angiotensin receptor that acts as an anti-hypertensive agent. The combination of these molecules gives a chlorhexidine di-losartanate (ClxLos 2 ) hydrophobic ion pair that spontaneously aggregates into nanoparticles (NPs). This work investigated the formation of ClxLos 2 NPs using the analysis of the solid state by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy and in aqueous environment by calorimetric, zeta potential and dynamic light scattering titrations. Furthermore, to demonstrate the potential antimicrobial activity of ClxLos 2 , in vitro antibacterial tests were conducted against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 27664), Streptococcus viridans (ATCC 11563) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 14508). Based on these studies, it is proposed that ClxLos 2 could be used for controlled drug release based on ionic dissociation during dilution, thereby avoiding the use of any solid matrix.

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Objective: To assess the degree of correlation between canine angulation and incisor inclination. Methods: Mesiodistal angulation of canines and labiolingual inclination of incisors were obtained by means of digital graphics software (ImageTool ® ) from standardized photographs of the casts of 60 patients. Incisor inclination was also assessed by lateral cephalometric radiographs. Results: Random error showed a variation of around 2° in measurements made on the casts (1.8-2.5), while systematic error, measured by the intraclass correlation test, displayed excellent reproducibility for both methods used in this study (p<0.001, r=0.84-0.96). Linear correlation tests revealed a significant positive correlation between canine angulation and incisor inclination in the maxillary arch (r=0.3, p<0.05) and even more significantly in the mandibular arch (r=0.46 to 0.51, p<0.001), when both were measured on the casts. When incisor inclination was examined by cephalometrics, correlation level was statistically insignificant for maxillary incisors (r=0.06 to 0.21, p>0.05) and varied widely in the mandibular arch (r=0.14 to 0.50). Conclusions: The introduction of changes in the angulation of canines with the aim of monitoring compensations observed in incisor inclination is warranted, especially in the lower arch. Abstract

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Market of functional foods grows intensely, such as of fruit juice containing probiotics. However, the survival of the microorganism can be compromised by the low pH of such matrix, and the way of minimizing this acid stress is the use of microencapsulation techniques such as by spray drying. In this study, three formulations were tested for the encapsulation of Bifidobacterium longum 5 1A , and the viability was evaluated during storage after the atomization process and after addition in acerola pulp powder. All formulations offered equivalent protection of the bifidobacteria just after microencapsulation. When microencapsulated cells were incorporated to acerola pulp powder, a higher protection for B. longum 5 1A viability was observed when cellulose acetate phthalate was used after 30 days of storage both at room temperature and refrigeration. Concluding, acerola pulp matrix can be used as an alternative vehicle for probiotic administration, even when stored at room temperature.