The purpose of this research was to determine the critical length of the king pineapple leaf fiber (KPLF) due to fumigation treatment with time variations. To determine the critical length is done by pull out test. The pull-out test was conducted to determine the adhesive properties of the KPLF interface with the epoxy matrix by implanting KPLF without and with the fuming treatment into the epoxy matrix then being withdrawn with a certain load and in quantity it can provide tensile stress information which can then be converted into a shear stress fiber with epoxy matrix. The measurement results show the effect of fogging treatment for 15 hours on KPLF, can increase the shear stress of the epoxy matrix interface by 16.75 MPa with a length of 1 mm and a critical length of 4,53 mm.
The use of heterogeneous catalysts in the biodiesel production process provides advantages because it is easier in the catalyst separation process. One type of heterogeneous catalyst that can be used is CaO. The raw materials for CaO are abundant in nature and can be obtained from various sources including agricultural waste such as eggshells. The alkalinity level of CaO can be increased to super baser CaO through the activation process of CaO by using an ammonium carbonate solution. Super base CaO which is used as a catalyst for transesterification reaction in the production of biodiesel made from palm oil. This research was carried out by varying the reaction time starting from 1, 2 and 3 hours. The highest yield was obtained at 3 hours reaction time of 93.92%. The results of the analysis of the physical properties of biodiesel obtained density in the range 853-854 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity 3.24-3.26 mm2/s (cSt), saponification number 193-201 mg-KOH/g biodiesel and acid number 0.3-0.7 mg-KOH/g. These characteristics meet the biodiesel quality standards based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 04-7182-2015. Thus the use of super base CaO from eggshells can be used as a catalyst in the process of biodiesel production.
The objective of this study is to analyses the Agave Cantula Roxb tensile and bending strength. The analysis was further done to observe the sustainability utilization the Agave Cantula Roxb fiber as a composite strengthener for fishing boat hulls. The research was carried out at the metallurgy mechanical engineering laboratory, Engineering Faculty, Indonesia Paul Christian University, Makassar. The method used is making a specimen with a 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% fiber composition, while the catalyst composition as a hardener is about 10%. To determine the material mechanical strength, a tensile test was carried out where the specimen dimension was based on the ASTM D3039 international standard. While for the bending test, the specimen dimension was based on the ASTM D790-03. From the test result it is indicated that not all composite specimen composition can be used as ship hulls material. Based on the standard required by the Indonesian Classification Bureau, the composite tensile strength standard (σt) is about 10 kf/mm2 and a bending strength standard (σb) of 15 kgf/mm2. Based on standard required, the composite condition that fulfilled the requirements is the 50% fiber which has a tensile strength of σt = 11,8 kgf/mm2 and a bending stress σb = 25,41 kgf/mm2.
A boiler is one of the most significant components in a steam power plant system, as steam from the boiler is used to crank a steam turbine, which drives an electric generator. A sootblower is a piece of boiler equipment that cleans the ash and scale that has built up on the pipes. The heat-transfer pipes have been reduced. When soot builds up on the pipes or the riser on the boiler’s walls, heat transfer is impeded, resulting in less heat transfer. The amount of steam produced by the boiler will decrease if the heat transfer is lowered. Heat transfer is small in superheaters, reheaters, economizers, and air heaters, as well as in heat recovery regions like superheaters, reheaters, economizers, and air heaters. as well as the pipes for the superheater, reheater, economizer, and air heater As a result, the main objective of the sootblower is to analyze it so that lost energy in the boiler can be reduced. It also enhances the boiler’s efficiency once the sootblower has been employed.
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