Pectin, a biopolymer is complex plant polysaccharide present in primary cell wall, is a form of soluble fiber. Pectin have important role in plant growth, morphology, development, cell adhesion and plant defense and also works as a emulsifier, gelling and stabilizing agent in diverse food and specialty products and also reveals defense mechanisms against plant pathogens and wounding. Scientific research has revealed a number of health benefits and multiple biomedical uses of pectin. Pectin is a macromolecule which is composed by a number of distinct polysaccharides such as homogalacturonans (HG), rhamnogalacturonans (RG), xylogalacturonans (XGs), arabinans and arabinogalactans. Pectin has gelling ability, which makes it a useful additive in the production of jams and jellies.
Dihydropyrimidinone/thiones (DHPMs) hold earmarked place in the field of natural and synthetic organic chemistry, because of their therapeutic and pharmacological properties. Synthesis of such biologically important compounds assumes great concern. Objectives The aim of the present work was to synthesize structurally challenging DHPMs through green procedure, evaluated for antibacterial activity and to perform QSAR analysis to attain the structural requirements for the antibacterial activity. The synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone/thiones was accomplished via three-component one-pot cyclocondensation between substituted alkyl/aryl aldehydes, diketone and urea/thiourea in the presence of pine apple juice at room temperature. The structures of the compounds were established by spectral analysis and evaluated for antibacterial activity. Possible correlation between observed biological activity and physicochemical descriptors was studied. Synthesis of DHPMs by pineapple juice as a catalyst, complies with principle of green chemistry. Moreover, this solvent free approach totally offers nonpolluting environment and avoiding the usage of toxic organic solvents. The spectral analysis reveals that all the compounds 1a-1p was in good agreement with the standard values reported in the literature for these types of structures. The tested compounds 1e, 1m &1i, 1o showed maximum activity against S. aureus and E. coli at concentrations i.e250 & 500μg /ml respectively. The statistically significant equations with good coefficient of correlation were obtained by correlating antibacterial activities as dependent variables and substituent constants as independent variable. The result of the QSAR study suggested that steric and thermodynamic descriptors contributed significantly to biological activity. Green synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone/thiones is extremely useful and improved procedure for the Biginelli reaction with excellent yields in shorter reaction time with high purity of the products. Through the iterative computational approach, this study could be utilized to design more potent dihydropyrimidinone/thione analogues as antimicrobial agents. Keywords: Green Synthesis, Dihydropyrimidinone/thioneanalogues, Anti-bacterial.
The present study deals with comparative
pharmacognostic parameters involving moisture content, ash
values, extractive values and quantification of active component
(Amarogentin) in whole plant of two different sites of Garhwal
[Chakrata (CK) and Kaddukhal(KK)] in Uttarakhand of Swertia
chirayita have been carried out. The quantification of
amarogentin evaluated by HPLC, results indicate that Chakrata
site has higher percentage of amarogentin than Kaddukhal site.
Adulteration and substitution of medicinal plants can be
prohibited by standardization and authentication.
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